Mitigation of 3-MCPDE and GE through Various Process Technologies
3-monochloropropanediol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) are two process contaminants found in all kind of vegetable oils. 3-MCPDE is termed as possibly carcinogenic to humans whereas GE is termed as probably carcinogenic to humans, following classifications by International Agency for Research on Cancer. The precursors of 3-MCPDE are chlorides, acidity and high temperature during the refining process. The chlorides can appear naturally in oils or through contamination of water source used in milling. During refining, acid is introduced in the dry degumming step where phosphoric acids are added to oils to convert non-hydratable gums to hydratable gums. Furthermore, acid activated blea- ching earth is commonly used in the bleaching step to adsorb coagulated gums and colour body. Acid activated bleaching earth is used because it has higher efficiency (more surface per gram) in absorption, hence can reduce dosage of earth and minimize oil losses in spent bleaching earth. On the other hand, the GE is formed by the diacylglycerides under high temperature deodorizing step. Currently, refiners are searching for an optimized refining step which can reduce the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE.
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | spa |
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Fedepalma
2019
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| Online Access: | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13088 |
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| Summary: | 3-monochloropropanediol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) are two process contaminants found in all kind of vegetable oils. 3-MCPDE is termed as possibly carcinogenic to humans whereas GE is termed as probably carcinogenic to humans, following classifications by International Agency for Research on Cancer. The precursors of 3-MCPDE are chlorides, acidity and high temperature during the refining process. The chlorides can appear naturally in oils or through contamination of water source used in milling. During refining, acid is introduced in the dry degumming step where phosphoric acids are added to oils to convert non-hydratable gums to hydratable gums. Furthermore, acid activated blea- ching earth is commonly used in the bleaching step to adsorb coagulated gums and colour body. Acid activated bleaching earth is used because it has higher efficiency (more surface per gram) in absorption, hence can reduce dosage of earth and minimize oil losses in spent bleaching earth. On the other hand, the GE is formed by the diacylglycerides under high temperature deodorizing step. Currently, refiners are searching for an optimized refining step which can reduce the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE. |
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