Removing Barriers to Entry in Medicine
In 1992, Pakistan equalized admissions criteria for women and men applying to medical schools, causing a rapid increase in the female share of medical graduates. Using birth cohort variation, I find that equalizing admissions criteria increased employment among female doctors by 21 percentage points and among doctors overall by 9 percentage points, even though female doctors are less likely to be employed than male doctors. Earnings for male medical graduates increased as lower ability males were crowded out. The 1992 reform led to increased gender diversification in a wide range of medical specialties, but it also concentrated doctors in urban districts where women prefer to practice.
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| Format: | Journal Article biblioteca |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
2024-01-03
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| Subjects: | DEVELOPMENT, GENDER, QUALITY EDUCATION, SDG 4, EDUCATION, GENDER EQUALITY, SDG 5, |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099636205032413451/IDU1b02b2ef41f1a914b591b67119372cae82576 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/41488 |
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| Summary: | In 1992, Pakistan equalized
admissions criteria for women and men applying to medical
schools, causing a rapid increase in the female share of
medical graduates. Using birth cohort variation, I find that
equalizing admissions criteria increased employment among
female doctors by 21 percentage points and among doctors
overall by 9 percentage points, even though female doctors
are less likely to be employed than male doctors. Earnings
for male medical graduates increased as lower ability males
were crowded out. The 1992 reform led to increased gender
diversification in a wide range of medical specialties, but
it also concentrated doctors in urban districts where women
prefer to practice. |
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