International Tradability Indices for Services

This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technology capital and legal institutions are particularly important determinants of a country's ability to successfully export services. The tradability indices are strongly correlated with outcome indicators, such as trade shares of individual countries. In addition, they are strongly correlated with important inputs, including country productivity and size, factor endowments, trade costs, and regulatory measures. In particular, the results suggest that a more restrictive regulatory environment significantly reduces the international tradability of services.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	van der Marel, Erik, Shepherd, Ben
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2013-11
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE VALUE, ACCORD, ACCORDS, ACTUAL VALUE, AD VALOREM, AGREEMENT ON TRADE, AIR TRANSPORT, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BANKING SERVICES, BILATERAL TRADE, BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING, BUSINESS SERVICES, CAPITAL STOCK, CITIES, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITIVENESS, COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SERVICES, CONSTRUCTION SERVICES, CONSUMER MOVES, CONSUMERS, CROSS-BORDER TRADE, DEVELOPING WORLD, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DOMESTIC MARKET, DOMESTIC REGULATION, DOMESTIC REGULATIONS, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC POLICY, EXPORT PROSPECTS, EXPORT SECTORS, EXPORT SHARES, EXPORT VALUE, EXPORTERS, EXPORTING COUNTRY, EXPORTS, FACTOR ENDOWMENTS, FATS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FIXED COST, FIXED COSTS, FOREIGN AFFILIATE, FOREIGN BANK, FOREIGN BANKS, FOREIGN FIRMS, FOREIGN SUPPLIERS, GATS, GATS MODES OF SUPPLY, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES, GLOBAL LEVEL, GOVERNMENT SERVICES, GRAVITY MODEL, GRAVITY MODELS, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMPORT PRICES, IMPORTING COUNTRIES, INDEX NUMBERS, INSURANCE SERVICES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES, LEGAL SYSTEM, LEGAL SYSTEMS, MARGINAL EFFECTS, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET SIZE, MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES, MODES OF SUPPLY, MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION, NATIONAL PRODUCTION, NATURAL PERSONS, OPEN MARKETS, PATTERN OF SPECIALIZATION, PATTERN OF TRADE, PERSONAL SERVICES, POLICY RESEARCH, POLITICAL ECONOMY, PRIVATE PROPERTY, PRODUCTION PROCESS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, RECREATIONAL SERVICES, REGIONAL INTEGRATION, REGIONAL TRADE, REGULATORY BARRIERS, REGULATORY REFORM, REGULATORY STANCE, RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS, RULE OF LAW, SERVICE PROVIDER, SERVICE SECTOR, SERVICES CONTEXT, SERVICES INDUSTRIES, SERVICES INDUSTRY, SERVICES MARKETS, SERVICES SECTOR, SERVICES SECTORS, SERVICES TAKES, SERVICES TRADE, SERVICES TRANSACTIONS, SKILLED LABOR, SPECIALIZATION, TARIFF EQUIVALENTS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, TERMS OF TRADE, TRADE AGREEMENT, TRADE COSTS, TRADE DATA, TRADE FLOW, TRADE FLOWS, TRADE IN SERVICES, TRADE INTENSITY, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE MORE, TRADE PERFORMANCE, TRADE POLICIES, TRADE POLICY, TRADE RESTRICTIONS, TRADE SERVICES, TRADE STATISTICS, TRADE THEORIES, TRADE VALUES, TRADING PARTNERS, TRANSPORT SERVICES, TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, TRAVEL SERVICES, TYPE OF SERVICE, VALUE ADDED, VALUE OF EXPORTS, VALUE OF TRADE, WORLD MARKET, WORLD MARKETS, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WTO,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18554401/international-tradability-indices-services https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16901
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