Malaysia Economic Monitor, December 2013 : High-Performing Education

Malaysia's economy regained momentum but yearly growth is set to decelerate in 2013. Export recovery into 2014 is expected to offset slower domestic demand and lead to a pick-up in growth. Fiscal consolidation is picking up pace with subsidy cuts, sin tax increases, and less generous public service bonuses. The full implementation of the minimum wage in January 2014 will provide an additional boost to households, as will increased cash transfers that are part of the government's strategy for subsidy rationalization and modernizing social protection. Malaysia performs very well with respect to access to education. Enrolments at primary and lower secondary levels are nearly universal and recent gains in pre-primary education have been note-worthy. Among East Asian countries that participated in the 2012 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), Malaysian students only outperform their Indonesian peers, and lag even lower-income countries (including, by a wide margin, Vietnam). Expenditure on basic education is more than double that of other Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries and the decline in learning outcomes occurred while inputs to education were expanding and the size of the student population was falling. The key constraints to improving the quality of basic education thus relate not to the quantity of inputs but institutions. 46 percent of principals report a lack of qualified teaching staff as a constraint, and Ministry of Education (MOE) admits that in recent years some candidates enrolling in teacher training institutions did not meet minimum requirements of academic achievement at the secondary level. Lifting these constraints entails refining some of the measures recommended in the Education Blueprint for high-performing education system: (1) moving towards school-based decision-making; (2) improving parental involvement and enhancing accountability; and (3) improving incentives and recruitment for teachers. The government may consider piloting fixed contract recruitments with tenure contingent on performance, and tying retraining and up-skilling efforts with certification.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Jalil, Intan Nadia, Gil Sander, Frederico, Ali, Rabia
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Bangkok 2013-12
Subjects:	ADVANCED ECONOMIES, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, ANNUAL GROWTH, ASSET POSITION, ASSET QUALITY, ASSETS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BANK DEBT, BANKING SECTOR, BANKING SYSTEM, BASIS POINTS, BENCHMARK, BENCHMARK INTEREST RATE, BENEFICIARIES, BILLS, BUDGETING, CAPITAL GOODS, CAPITAL INFLOWS, CAPITAL MARKETS, CAPITAL OUTFLOWS, CAPITAL SECURITIES, CASH TRANSFERS, CENTRAL BANK, COMMODITY PRICES, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSOLIDATION, CONSUMER GOODS, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, CONSUMPTION GROWTH, CONTRIBUTIONS TO INVESTMENTS, CORE INFLATION, CREDIT CARDS, CREDIT GROWTH, CURRENCY, CURRENCY ASSETS, CURRENCY SWAPS, CURRENT ACCOUNT, CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE, CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS, DEBT, DEBT LEVELS, DEBT RATIOS, DEBT SECURITIES, DEBT SECURITIES MARKET, DEMAND-SIDE FACTORS, DEPOSITS, DEPRECIATION, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DISBURSEMENTS, DISORDERLY EXIT, DOMESTIC CONDITIONS, DOMESTIC CURRENCY, DOMESTIC DEMAND, DOMESTIC DEMAND GROWTH, DRAG ON GROWTH, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC MODEL, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, EMERGING ECONOMIES, EQUIPMENT, EQUITIES, EQUITY MARKET, EXCHANGE RATES, EXPENDITURES, EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS, EXPORT GROWTH, EXPORT MARKET, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, EXPORTS, EXPOSURE, EXTERNAL DEMAND, EXTERNAL FINANCING, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FISCAL POLICY, FISCAL POSITION, FIXED ASSETS, FIXED CAPITAL, FIXED INVESTMENTS, FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE, FOOD PRICES, FORECASTS, FOREIGN ASSETS, FOREIGN CURRENCIES, FOREIGN CURRENCY, FOREIGN CURRENCY ASSETS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FOREIGN HOLDINGS, FOREIGN RESERVES, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL LIQUIDITY, GLOBAL MARKET, GOVERNMENT BONDS, GOVERNMENT DEBT, GOVERNMENT FINANCES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION, GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, HOLDING, HOLDINGS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN RESOURCE, HUMAN RESOURCES, IMPORT, IMPORT DEMAND, IMPORT GROWTH, IMPORTS, INCOME LEVEL, INCOME TAX, INCOME TAXES, INFLATION, INFLATION DYNAMICS, INFLATION RATE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INSTRUMENT, INTEREST RATES ON MORTGAGE, INTERNATIONAL RESERVES, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVENTORIES, INVENTORY, INVESTMENT ACTIVITY, INVESTMENT BOOM, INVESTMENT GOODS, INVESTMENT PROJECTS, ISSUANCES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKETS, LEVERAGE, LIQUIDITY, LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS, LIQUIDITY CRISIS, LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT, LOAN, LOW INTEREST RATES, M3, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MARKET INFORMATION, MARKET SHARE, MONETARY AUTHORITIES, MONETARY CONDITIONS, MONETARY FUND, MONETARY POLICIES, MONETARY POLICY, MORTGAGE, MORTGAGE LOANS, MORTGAGES, NATIONAL INCOME, NATURAL RESOURCES, NET EXPORTS, NON-PERFORMING LOANS, OIL PRICES, OIL REVENUE, OUTPUT GAP, PENSIONS, PORTFOLIO, PORTFOLIO FLOWS, PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS, POST-CRISIS PERIOD, PRIVATE CONSUMPTION, PRIVATE DEBT, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, PRIVATE INVESTMENTS, PRODUCTION FUNCTION, PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS, PUBLIC FINANCES, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, PUBLIC SPENDING, PURCHASING POWER, RE-EXPORTS, REAL APPRECIATION, REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE, REAL GDP, REAL WAGE GROWTH, RECESSION, REMUNERATION, RETURN, REVALUATION, SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT, SLOWDOWN, STRUCTURAL REFORMS, SUPPLY CONDITIONS, SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS, SUPPLY SHOCKS, SUPPLY-SIDE, SURPLUS, TAX, TAX COLLECTIONS, TAX HIKES, TAX INCREASES, TAX REVENUES, TOTAL INVESTMENTS, TOTAL REVENUE, TRADE SHARES, TRADING, TRADING PARTNER, TRANSPARENCY, UNCERTAINTIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, VALUE ADDED, WAGES, WEALTH, WORKING CAPITAL, WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, WORLD TRADE,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/12/18645043/malaysia-economic-monitor-high-performing-education https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16705
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