Influences of a root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae, and two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Acaulospora mellea and Glomus clarum on coffee (Coffea arabica L.)
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a root-lesion nematode, #Pratylenchus coffeae#, two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, #Acaulospora mellea# and #Glomus clarum#, and timing of inoculation on the growth and nutrition of a nematode-susceptible Arabica coffee cultivar. The late AM inoculation (added simultaneously with nematodes) did not enhance coffee tolerance to #P. coffeae#. In the presence of #P. coffeae#, late-mycorrhizal plants were P deficient during the entire experiment and their foliar P concentration remained as low as that of non-mycorrhizal plants. After 7.5 months, nematodes decreased AM colonization of late-mycorrhizal plants by half and their biomass was only 20-30% that of the controls. In contrast, early AM inoculation (4 months before nematode inoculation) with either AM species improved the tolerance of coffee to #P. coffeae#. Root colonization by AM was not significantly reduced by #P. coffeae#. Despite higher densities of nematodes, root lesions were less numerous and more localized in early AM inoculated plants than in those of non-mycorrhizal plants. In the presence of #P. coffeae#, early AM-inoculated plants remained P sufficient and their biomass was still 75-80% that of their nematode-free controls. This study shows that in soils with low P levels, enhanced tolerance to #P. coffeae# seems limited to mycorrhizal coffee plants with well established AM symbiosis and improved P status.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | article biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Subjects: | H10 - Ravageurs des plantes, P34 - Biologie du sol, Coffea arabica, Pratylenchus coffeae, Acaulospora, mycorhizé à vésicule et arbuscule, absorption de substances nutritives, nutrition des plantes, croissance, serre, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1721, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24792, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_31769, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24415, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5273, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16379, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3394, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3379, |
| Online Access: | http://agritrop.cirad.fr/389775/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/389775/1/389775.pdf |
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| Summary: | A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a root-lesion nematode, #Pratylenchus coffeae#, two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, #Acaulospora mellea# and #Glomus clarum#, and timing of inoculation on the growth and nutrition of a nematode-susceptible Arabica coffee cultivar. The late AM inoculation (added simultaneously with nematodes) did not enhance coffee tolerance to #P. coffeae#. In the presence of #P. coffeae#, late-mycorrhizal plants were P deficient during the entire experiment and their foliar P concentration remained as low as that of non-mycorrhizal plants. After 7.5 months, nematodes decreased AM colonization of late-mycorrhizal plants by half and their biomass was only 20-30% that of the controls. In contrast, early AM inoculation (4 months before nematode inoculation) with either AM species improved the tolerance of coffee to #P. coffeae#. Root colonization by AM was not significantly reduced by #P. coffeae#. Despite higher densities of nematodes, root lesions were less numerous and more localized in early AM inoculated plants than in those of non-mycorrhizal plants. In the presence of #P. coffeae#, early AM-inoculated plants remained P sufficient and their biomass was still 75-80% that of their nematode-free controls. This study shows that in soils with low P levels, enhanced tolerance to #P. coffeae# seems limited to mycorrhizal coffee plants with well established AM symbiosis and improved P status. |
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