Morphophysiological responses of wheat cultivars in competition with diploid and tetraploid ryegrass.

Wheat crop growth and development can be affected by weed infestation, especially ryegrass. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the competitive ability of wheat cultivars wit h the diploid and tetraploid ryegrass biotypes. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. BRS Parrudo and TBIO Sinuelo wheat cultivars and the competitors ryegrass diploid and tetraploid were used. The population of each species was defined and then the replacement series experiments were carried out, containing the following proportions of wheat and ryegrass plants: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75; and 0:100%, equivalent to 32:0; 24:8; 16:16; 8:24; and 0:32 plants per pot. Fifty days after species emergence, physiological traits, such as photosynthetic activity ( A ), stomatal conductance ( g S ), transpiration rate E ), internal concentration of mesophyll CO 2 (C i ), water use efficiency (WUE), and carboxylation ef ficiency (CE), were evaluated, along with the morphological traits of leaf area (LA), stem diameter (SD), number of tillers (NT), and shoot dry mass (DM). Competitiveness analysis was performed by means of diagrams applied to substitutive experiments using relative competitiveness indices. The ryegrass, both diploid and tetraploid, had a negative effect on the variables related to A , WUE and also those associated with plant growth. The ryegrass negatively changed the LA, DM, SD, and NT of the cultivars BRS Parrudo and TBIO Sinuelo, which demonstrates competition between the cultivars of wheat and the weed ryegrass with mutual damage to the species involved in th recommended for wheat cultivation.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	BALDESSARINI, R., GALON, L, VARGAS, L., MÜLLER, C., BRANDLER, D., SILVA, J. D. G. DA, FORTE, C. T., FRANCESCHETTI, M. B., TIRONI, S. P., PERIN, GISMAEL FRANCISCO
Other Authors:	RENATA BALDESSARINI, Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; LEANDRO GALON, Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; LEANDRO VARGAS, CNPT; CAROLINE MÜLLER, Laborato ry of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; DAIANE BRANDLER, Laborato ry of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; JESSICA DIAS GOMES DA SILVA, Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Fe deral University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; CÉSAR TIAGO FORTE, Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Santa Maria Av Roraima, n 1000, 97.105 900, Sa nta Maria, RS, Brazil; MILENA BARRETTA FRANCESCHETTI, Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus; SIUMAR PEDRO TIRONI, Laboratory of Seeds and Grains, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó Campus SC 484 km 02, 89.815 899, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.; GISMAEL FRANCISCO PERIN, Labor atory of Sustainable Management of Agricultural Systems, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus.
Format:	Artigo de periódico biblioteca
Language:	Portugues pt_BR
Published:	2021-02-08
Subjects:	Competitive interaction, Triticum Aestivum, Lolium Multiflorum,
Online Access:	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1129848
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!