Perspectivas de la industria oleoquímica en el mundo : Oportunidades para los aceites de palma.
Biodiesel is the fastest growing product in the oleochemical industry. Biodiesel is produced from rapeseed oil in Europe, from soybean oil in the United States and from palm oil in tropical countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Ecuador and Colombia). Europe is the number 1 market for biodiesel. There are technical limitations for the use of biodiesel from palm oil in Europe, given its high melting point, which results in problems in cold climate countries. These problems can be partially sorted out by using palm olein as raw material or producing palm oil biodiesel mixes with a biodiesel with high iodine oil. Biodiesel from rapeseed oil can only be developed in Europe with agricultural subsidies and tax preferences, which petrol diesel do not have. It is very unlikely that biodiesel from rapeseed oil can survive in the future under equal conditions than petrol diesel, even if the petrol price continues increasing. Given the high productivity of oil palm, biodiesel from palm oil is probably the only oil capable of competing in the future with petrol diesel. It must be considered that during the next decade, new technologies for the production of high quality diesel based on coal or natural gas are going to strongly influence the fuel market. On the other hand, the fast growing production of biodiesel also has a negative effect on the market. The price of glycerine, which is a biodiesel by-product, has experienced such an abrupt decrease that in some regions, its recovery and purifications is not feasible any longer. As a result of such a low price, the chemical industry is looking for new glycerine uses. Additional opportunities in the field of oleochemicals are being developed in the area of methyl esters. The production of methyl esters sulfonate or MES in modern sulfonation units enables the production of tensoactives capable of competing in price and quality with linear alkyl benzene sulfonate in the detergents field. The production of nonionic tensoactives by direct ethoxilation of methyl esters is a new technology being used. The production of fatty acids and fatty alcohols is being concentrated in Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and China). Large groups of oil palm producers have made investments in fatty acids and fatty alcohols plants, which have created a capacity surplus that is negatively affecting the profitability of these products. Consequently, olechemical companies in United States, Europe and Japan that don't count on inexpensive raw materials integration are forced to reduce their production capacity. It is not advisable, at the present time, to make an investment in fatty acids or fatty alcohols. The production of palm oil or palm kernel oil specialties (without going through fatty acids or fatty alcohols) is something that must be considered.
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | pa |
| Published: |
©200
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| Subjects: | Aceite de palma, Colza (grano), ésteres metílicos, Glicerina, Industria oleoquímica, Palmiste, Producción., Soya, Soybean, |
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| Summary: | Biodiesel is the fastest growing product in the oleochemical industry. Biodiesel is produced from rapeseed oil in Europe, from soybean oil in the United States and from palm oil in tropical countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Ecuador and Colombia). Europe is the number 1 market for biodiesel. There are technical limitations for the use of biodiesel from palm oil in Europe, given its high melting point, which results in problems in cold climate countries. These problems can be partially sorted out by using palm olein as raw material or producing palm oil biodiesel mixes with a biodiesel with high iodine oil. Biodiesel from rapeseed oil can only be developed in Europe with agricultural subsidies and tax preferences, which petrol diesel do not have. It is very unlikely that biodiesel from rapeseed oil can survive in the future under equal conditions than petrol diesel, even if the petrol price continues increasing. Given the high productivity of oil palm, biodiesel from palm oil is probably the only oil capable of competing in the future with petrol diesel. It must be considered that during the next decade, new technologies for the production of high quality diesel based on coal or natural gas are going to strongly influence the fuel market. On the other hand, the fast growing production of biodiesel also has a negative effect on the market. The price of glycerine, which is a biodiesel by-product, has experienced such an abrupt decrease that in some regions, its recovery and purifications is not feasible any longer. As a result of such a low price, the chemical industry is looking for new glycerine uses. Additional opportunities in the field of oleochemicals are being developed in the area of methyl esters. The production of methyl esters sulfonate or MES in modern sulfonation units enables the production of tensoactives capable of competing in price and quality with linear alkyl benzene sulfonate in the detergents field. The production of nonionic tensoactives by direct ethoxilation of methyl esters is a new technology being used. The production of fatty acids and fatty alcohols is being concentrated in Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and China). Large groups of oil palm producers have made investments in fatty acids and fatty alcohols plants, which have created a capacity surplus that is negatively affecting the profitability of these products. Consequently, olechemical companies in United States, Europe and Japan that don't count on inexpensive raw materials integration are forced to reduce their production capacity. It is not advisable, at the present time, to make an investment in fatty acids or fatty alcohols. The production of palm oil or palm kernel oil specialties (without going through fatty acids or fatty alcohols) is something that must be considered. |
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