Ammonium depletion associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the Mexican Caribbean

Ammonium depletion associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the Mexican Caribbean

The Mexican Caribbean contributes significantly to Mexico's gross national product. The number of tourists declined from 16.7 million in 2019 to 8.8 million in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with a rapid recovery of 13.5 million in 2021. Wastewater discharge is the primary contamination source associated with the tourism sector's demand for goods and services. Water quality could improve due to fewer tourists arriving during the COVID-19 sanitary emergency. This study aimed to quantify ammonium concentrations at eleven locations to evaluate water quality during the sanitary restriction due to the pandemic in the Mexican Caribbean. The ammonium concentrations were 85 % (Nov-2019), 89 % (Feb-2020), and 86 % (Feb-2021) higher than in Nov-2020, where six of the eleven sampled stations were below the detection limit (0.15 μM). Lower ammonium concentrations coincide with the sanitary restriction period and a decrease in affluent tourists.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sánchez Martínez, Alberto de Jesús Doctor autor 13382, Galán Caamal, René de Jesús Maestro autor 21706, Ortiz Hernández, María Concepción Doctora autora 2055, Sánchez Sánchez, Joan Alberto Doctor autor 13756, Camacho Cruz, Karla Andrea Doctora autora 22053, Anguas Cabrera, Dilian Noemi Doctora autora 22458
Format: Texto biblioteca
Language:eng
Subjects:Amonio, Aguas residuales, Calidad del agua, Infecciones por coronavirus, Pandemias, Turismo, Artfrosur,
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116347
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Summary:The Mexican Caribbean contributes significantly to Mexico's gross national product. The number of tourists declined from 16.7 million in 2019 to 8.8 million in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with a rapid recovery of 13.5 million in 2021. Wastewater discharge is the primary contamination source associated with the tourism sector's demand for goods and services. Water quality could improve due to fewer tourists arriving during the COVID-19 sanitary emergency. This study aimed to quantify ammonium concentrations at eleven locations to evaluate water quality during the sanitary restriction due to the pandemic in the Mexican Caribbean. The ammonium concentrations were 85 % (Nov-2019), 89 % (Feb-2020), and 86 % (Feb-2021) higher than in Nov-2020, where six of the eleven sampled stations were below the detection limit (0.15 μM). Lower ammonium concentrations coincide with the sanitary restriction period and a decrease in affluent tourists.

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