Shade over coffee: its effects on berry borer, leaf rust and spontaneous herbs in Chiapas, Mexico :
The objective of this research was to determine the relationships between different ecological features of shade and the incidence of coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei), coffee leaf rust (caused by Hemileia vastatrix) and spontaneous herbs in rustic coffee (Coffea arabica) plantations in Chiapas, Mexico. Thirty-six 10 m by 10 m plots were established within coffee plantations. The following variables were measured or estimated: number of vegetation strata; percent canopy cover; direct, diffuseand total sunlight below the canopy; plant species richness and diversity; shade tree/shrub density, altitude, aspect, basal area, yields; percentage of coffee berry borer; percentage of coffee leaf rust; percentage of spontaneous herb cover; and the presence of paths and runoffs. Results showed a complex agroforestry system, composed of five strata. Coffee berry borer and coffee leaf rust incidence averages were 1.5 and 10.1 percent, respectively. Average spontaneous herb cover was 34.1 percent. Coffee leaf rust percentage correlated positively with the coffee berry borer. Number of strata of shade vegetation correlated negatively with leaf rust, while the presence of paths correlated positively with the leaf rust. Species richness and diversity correlated negativelyto broad-leaf-herb cover and the presence of runoffs correlated positively to this last variable. Shade tree density (major who 10 cm d.b.h.) correlated negatively to linear-leaf-herb cover. Percentage of shade cover, light, coffee density, aspect, stand age, basal area and yields were not correlated to pest, disease and weeds. Results support the ecological theory that postulates that diversity and structural complexity in mixed plant systems maintain a healthy system.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2002
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| Subjects: | COFFEA, COFFEA ARABICA, HEMILEIA VASTATRIX, HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI, INSECTOS DAÑINOS, PLAGAS DE PLANTAS, MALEZAS, AGROFORESTERIA, ALTITUD, CUBIERTA DE COPAS, RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS, PLAGAS FORESTALES, ENFERMEDADES FUNGOSAS, ESPACIAMIENTO, ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS, PLANTACIONES, ESCORRENTIA, SOMBRA, PLANTAS DE SOMBRA, MEXICO, |
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| Summary: | The objective of this research was to determine the relationships between different ecological features of shade and the incidence of coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei), coffee leaf rust (caused by Hemileia vastatrix) and spontaneous herbs in rustic coffee (Coffea arabica) plantations in Chiapas, Mexico. Thirty-six 10 m by 10 m plots were established within coffee plantations. The following variables were measured or estimated: number of vegetation strata; percent canopy cover; direct, diffuseand total sunlight below the canopy; plant species richness and diversity; shade tree/shrub density, altitude, aspect, basal area, yields; percentage of coffee berry borer; percentage of coffee leaf rust; percentage of spontaneous herb cover; and the presence of paths and runoffs. Results showed a complex agroforestry system, composed of five strata. Coffee berry borer and coffee leaf rust incidence averages were 1.5 and 10.1 percent, respectively. Average spontaneous herb cover was 34.1 percent. Coffee leaf rust percentage correlated positively with the coffee berry borer. Number of strata of shade vegetation correlated negatively with leaf rust, while the presence of paths correlated positively with the leaf rust. Species richness and diversity correlated negativelyto broad-leaf-herb cover and the presence of runoffs correlated positively to this last variable. Shade tree density (major who 10 cm d.b.h.) correlated negatively to linear-leaf-herb cover. Percentage of shade cover, light, coffee density, aspect, stand age, basal area and yields were not correlated to pest, disease and weeds. Results support the ecological theory that postulates that diversity and structural complexity in mixed plant systems maintain a healthy system. |
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