Weed shifting in cacao plantation due to herbicide
Plant protection is important for supporting cacao yield increase. Weed problem mainly occurs in young cacao plantations with an open canopy. The increasing use of herbicides in Indonesia needs a supporting knowledge of the harmfull side effects for consumers. The continuous application of herbicides with the same active ingredients is not recommended. The impact of a continuous application of herbicides with the same active ingredient in cacao plantations is presented in this paper and the mechanical weed control by hoe is discussed as well. Mechanical weed control by hoe did not cause any shifting in weed species but suppressed the growth of weeds for 2 months. Paraquat caused the dominance of broad-leaved weeds and controlled the growth of weeds for 1-2 months. However, the mixture of paraquat and diuron produced a good result in suppressing the growth of nutsedge (Cyperus kyllingia) and grasses (Poaceae) as well as weed species with seed propagation. A continuous glyphosate application suppressed the growth of nutsedge and grasses, and caused the dominance of weed species with seed propagation. The ability of glyphosate to control seed propagated weeds was better if glyphosata was mixed with napropamide. The growth of weeds could be suppressed in 2-3 months.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
1980
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| Subjects: | THEOBROMA CACAO, MALEZAS, ESCARDA, HERBICIDAS, CONTROL QUIMICO, PARACUAT, GLIFOSATO, DIURON, NAPROPOMIDA, INDONESIA, |
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| Summary: | Plant protection is important for supporting cacao yield increase. Weed problem mainly occurs in young cacao plantations with an open canopy. The increasing use of herbicides in Indonesia needs a supporting knowledge of the harmfull side effects for consumers. The continuous application of herbicides with the same active ingredients is not recommended. The impact of a continuous application of herbicides with the same active ingredient in cacao plantations is presented in this paper and the mechanical weed control by hoe is discussed as well. Mechanical weed control by hoe did not cause any shifting in weed species but suppressed the growth of weeds for 2 months. Paraquat caused the dominance of broad-leaved weeds and controlled the growth of weeds for 1-2 months. However, the mixture of paraquat and diuron produced a good result in suppressing the growth of nutsedge (Cyperus kyllingia) and grasses (Poaceae) as well as weed species with seed propagation. A continuous glyphosate application suppressed the growth of nutsedge and grasses, and caused the dominance of weed species with seed propagation. The ability of glyphosate to control seed propagated weeds was better if glyphosata was mixed with napropamide. The growth of weeds could be suppressed in 2-3 months. |
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