Fulfilling IPM strategies for cacao black pod control in the Tropics
Cacao, Theobroma cacao, is cultivated mainly on farms of 2 to 6 acres where cash - flow is critical. In the Americas, Phytophthora palmivora is considered the major pod destroyer. For six decades a host of fungicides and varied spray schedules have failed to give consistent black pod control. Formerly in -depth etiological studies confirmed that the soil- tree root systems served as the massive inoculum reservoir. Today, IPM cultural practices for lowering this inoculum source entails soil modifications via drainage and liming; while studies on pod surface characteristics, influence of canopy climate on infection has "reduced" the number of sprays. Trials employing surfactants and oil adjuvants proved that growers could spray "less" copper fungicide with positive control results.
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
Oct
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| Subjects: | THEOBROMA CACAO, PHYTOPHTHORA PALMIVORA, ENFERMEDADES FUNGOSAS, LUCHA INTEGRADA, CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES, ZONA TROPICAL, |
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| Summary: | Cacao, Theobroma cacao, is cultivated mainly on farms of 2 to 6 acres where cash - flow is critical. In the Americas, Phytophthora palmivora is considered the major pod destroyer. For six decades a host of fungicides and varied spray schedules have failed to give consistent black pod control. Formerly in -depth etiological studies confirmed that the soil- tree root systems served as the massive inoculum reservoir. Today, IPM cultural practices for lowering this inoculum source entails soil modifications via drainage and liming; while studies on pod surface characteristics, influence of canopy climate on infection has "reduced" the number of sprays. Trials employing surfactants and oil adjuvants proved that growers could spray "less" copper fungicide with positive control results. |
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