Sustainability evaluation of three double crop sequences in the Tres Arroyos Party (Argentina) under different soil conditions and technological levels
The Tres Arroyos party registers a process of agriculturization, intensification and productive specialization in which the wheat / soybean sequence is the main protagonist. Barley and rapeseed are alternatives to wheat that could diversify production. In this framework, it is important to evaluate the effect of the replacement of wheat by these crops on the sustainability of agroecosystems before their diffusion. Additionally, the environment and the technological model condition sustainability, so the objective of this work was to compare the ecological sustainability of the wheat / soybean, rapeseed / soybean and barley / soybean sequences under different environmental and technological conditions. The results show rapeseed / soybean as the sequence with the least ecological sustainability, associated with the inefficient use of water and energy, and the impact of the use of pesticides. The lower knowledge of this crop by the producers, the high energy content of its seeds and the lower biomass production of rapeseed would be some of the causes. Wheat / soybean and barley / soybean saw their sustainability limited, in medium technology, by the low production of biomass (and its effects on the use of water and energy), and in high technology approaches, by a high use of total herbicides. Greater application of technology increased yields but reduced sustainability in all cases, while, in general, sustainability was higher in the deeper soils environment. It is considered important to evaluate other forms of production that try to minimize the problems associated with low biomass production, low efficiency in the use of water and the impact of the use of pesticides, recognized as critical points for sustainability, and incorporate the evaluation of the economic and sociocultural dimension in a longer period.
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata
2021
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/revagro/article/view/13016 |
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