Immune dysfunction in chronic kidney disease
ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease is characterized by immune dysfunction that increases predisposition to infections, virus-associated cancers and impaired response to vaccination. The altered immune response is caused by impairment of both innate and adaptive immune systems, as well as other factors that are hallmarks of renal disease, such as uremia, malnutrition, chronic inflammation, mineral bone disease and anemia. The aim of this article is to review the causes and mechanisms that lead to immune dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sociedade Portuguesa de Nefrologia
2021
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| Online Access: | http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0872-01692021000400247 |
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