Effects of maternal nicotine on breastfeeding infants

OBJECTIVE To assess scientific evidence about the effects of maternal nicotine on infant by an integrative review. DATA SOURCES Studies published in Portuguese, English and Spanish, from 1990 to 2009, with abstracts available in the Latin American Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System On-Line (Medline) databases. The descriptors were: "breastfeeding", "lactation" and "smoking". DATA SYNTHESIS The main identified effects of nicotine on infants were: changes in sleep and wakefulness patterns; reduction of iodine supply; hystopathological damage on liver and lung; intracellular oxidative damage; reduction of pancreatic ß cells; and decreased glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS It is recommended to inform mothers about harmful chemicals contained in cigarettes that can be secreted into breast milk. They should be strongly encouraged to stop smoking during lactation.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Primo,Cândida Caniçali, Ruela,Priscilla Bôa F., Brotto,Léia Damasceno de A., Garcia,Telma Ribeiro, Lima,Eliane de Fátima
Format:	Digital revista
Language:	English
Published:	Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo 2013
Online Access:	http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-05822013000300392
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