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There are numerous agricultural and industrial by-products in Panama that are not being used. These sources could be used as an alternative for the dry season feeding. A study was conducted in order to determine the availability and chemical composition of these resources. The study included a survey of farms and industrial plants, sample collections and use of national statistics. The results indicated a great and increasing availability of by-products of plant origin. Most of the by-products derived from sugar cane and rice processing are highly utilizable. Among them the following could be mentioned: sugar cane liquor, tops and bagasse that are not utilized for animal feeding purposes in Panama. Coffe hulls and pulp, showed a good chemical composition in relation to ruminant nutritive requirements, however, its use is limited by its tannin and caffeine contents. Other by-products, such as sugar cane molasses, rice straw, citrus pulp and banana wastes, are utilized in Panama, although not very efficiently. Based on their availability and chemical composition, the feeding potential for ruminants of several by-products has to be considered. Among the ones that could be considered as sources of energy and protein, the following could be mentioned: rice meals and polishings, the sugar cane by-products such as molasses, liquor and tops, citrus pulp, banana wastes and coffe pulp. They show the following crude protein percentages: 8.5, 13.6, 4.1, 6.5, 6.1, 5.5 and 11.8%, respectively. Rice hulls and straw, sugar cane bagasse and coffe hulls could be utilized as fiber sources (cell wall contents of 63, 57, 81 and 70%, respectively). According to available information, it is recommended to pursue research in the efficient utilization of agricultural and industrial by-products and wastes, so they could be used in feeding systems for ruminants. This utilization would increase the feeding resources for animals, thus avoiding human and animal competence for food, reducing environmental contamination and could have an economical impact.
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
Instituto de Innovación Agropecuaria de Panamá
1979
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| Online Access: | http://www.revistacienciaagropecuaria.ac.pa/index.php/ciencia-agropecuaria/article/view/570 |
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