Effects of alpha-tocopherol on superoxide production and plasma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and antibodies to oxidized LDL in chronic smokers
Antioxidants have been postulated to exert beneficial effects in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is associated with raised plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). It is not known whether antioxidants affect these plasma factors in chronic smokers. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study involving 128 male normolipidemic chronic smokers the effect of a 2-year a-tocopherol treatment (400 IU dL-a-tocopherol daily) on plasma levels of sICAM-1 and autoantibodies against oxLDL was evaluated. In addition, we monitored production of superoxide by leukocytes ex vivo. It was found that compared to nonsmokers (n = 33) plasma levels of IgG but not IgM autoantibodies against oxLDL and concentrations of sICAM-1 in smokers were significantly elevated (30 and 42%, respectively). After supplementation with a-tocopherol concentration of TBARS in plasma and in vitro oxidizability of LDL had decreased, but autoantibodies and sICAM-1 had not changed. Production of superoxide was not different between a-tocopherol- and placebo-treated smokers. It is concluded that in chronic smokers, long-term treatment with a-tocopherol does not normalize the raised levels of sICAM-1 and autoantibodies against oxLDL, both risk factors for initiation or progression of cardiovascular disease, despite a decrease in in vitro oxidizability of LDL.
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article/Letter to editor biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | apparently healthy-men, carotid atherosclerosis, cigarette-smoking, coronary-artery disease, heart-disease, human endothelial-cells, lipid-peroxidation, low-density-lipoprotein, protein-kinase-c, vitamin-e, |
| Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/effects-of-alpha-tocopherol-on-superoxide-production-and-plasma-i |
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