China's Expressways : Connecting People and Markets for Equitable Development

This paper, prepared in response to the Chinese government's request, examines the institutional and financial arrangements under which the expansion of the Chinese expressway network has taken place. China's outstanding achievements in economic growth and poverty reduction over the last fifteen years have been well documented. The major emphasis has been on the development of its infrastructure, particularly transport. All modes of transport have seen their networks expanded, to provide the infrastructure needed to support the broader development goals. Road transport is vitally important and, among the surface modes, has seen its share grow over the last ten years from 45 percent to 60 percent in terms of passenger-km and from 24 percent to 30 percent in terms of freight ton-km. The road transport system has contributed greatly to china's continuing economic and social development. The expansion of the road network during the last 20 years was made possible by rapid increases in public funding. Since 1990, the overall average growth in the Chinese road assets has exceeded the overall growth in its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and has helped to close the 'infrastructure gap' that existed at the beginning of the period.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC 2007-05
Subjects:	ACCESSIBILITY, ACCIDENT RATES, ACCIDENTS, AIR, AIRPORT, ALTERNATIVE ROUTES, ASSET BASE, ASSET MANAGEMENT, AUTOMOBILE, AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY, AXLE LOAD, AXLE LOADS, AXLES, BRIDGE, BRIDGES, BYPASSES, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, CAR, CAR DRIVERS, CAR TRAVELING, CARGO, CARRIAGEWAYS, CARRIERS, CARS, COMMERCIAL VEHICLES, CONGESTION, CONGESTION PRICING, COST OF ROAD MAINTENANCE, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DIESEL, DIESEL FUEL, DIVERSION OF TRAFFIC, DRIVERS, DRIVING, DRIVING TIME, EARTHWORKS, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, ELECTRONIC TOLL, ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION, ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION TRANSPONDERS, EMERGENCY SERVICES, EMISSIONS, ENGINE, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, EXPANSION OF HIGHWAYS, EXPRESSWAYS, FEDERAL ROADS, FERRIES, FINANCIAL RISK, FINANCING OF ROADS, FIXED ASSETS, FLEETS, FRAMEWORK, FREIGHT, FREIGHT VEHICLES, FUEL, FUEL CHARGES, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL PRICE, FUEL PRICES, FUEL TAX, FUEL TAX INCREASE, FUEL TAXATION, FUEL TAXES, FUELS, GASOLINE, GOOD ROADS, GOOD TRANSPORT, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GPS, GRADE, HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES, HIGHWAY, HIGHWAY ACT, HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION, HIGHWAY ENGINEERING, HIGHWAY EXPANSION, HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS, HIGHWAY LAW, HIGHWAY NETWORK, HIGHWAY RESEARCH, HIGHWAY SYSTEM, HIGHWAYS, HOLDING, INCOME, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INLAND WATERWAY, INTERCHANGES, INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, INTERSTATE HIGHWAY, INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM, INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS, INVESTING, INVESTMENT IN ROADS, ISO, LAND TRANSPORT, LENGTH OF ROAD, LOAD CARRYING, LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY, LOADING, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LOCAL ROADS, LONG-DISTANCE, LONG-DISTANCE PASSENGER, MODES OF TRANSPORT, MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN, MUNICIPAL ROAD, PASSENGER TRAVEL, PAVEMENT, PAVEMENT DAMAGE, PAVEMENT DESIGN, PAVEMENT STRUCTURE, PAVEMENTS, PERIODIC MAINTENANCE, POLICE, POLLUTION, PORTS, PRICE DIFFERENTIAL, PRICE OF FUEL, PRIVATE CAR OWNERSHIP, PRIVATE FINANCING, PROVINCIAL ROADS, PUBLIC SECURITY, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, PUBLIC WORKS, RAIL, RAIL TRANSPORT, RAILWAY, RAILWAYS, REBATES, RECONSTRUCTION, REDUCTION IN TRAVEL, RESETTLEMENT, RETURN ON CAPITAL, ROAD, ROAD ACCESS, ROAD ADMINISTRATION, ROAD CAPACITY, ROAD CAPACITY EXPANSION, ROAD CLASS, ROAD CONDITIONS, ROAD CONSTRUCTION, ROAD DESIGN, ROAD DETERIORATION, ROAD DEVELOPMENT, ROAD FINANCING, ROAD IMPROVEMENTS, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD INVESTMENT, ROAD INVESTMENTS, ROAD LENGTH, ROAD MAINTENANCE, ROAD NETWORK, ROAD NETWORKS, ROAD PAVEMENT, ROAD PLANNING, ROAD SAFETY, ROAD SECTOR, ROAD SPACE, ROAD SYSTEM, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROAD USE, ROAD USERS, ROAD VEHICLES, ROAD WEAR, ROADS, ROADWAYS, ROUTE, ROUTES, RURAL ACCESS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL ROADS, SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS, SHARING, SMART CARDS, SPEED, SPEEDS, STATE HIGHWAY, STRUCTURES, TAX, TERRAIN, TOLL RATES, TOLL REVENUES, TOLL ROAD, TOLL ROAD DEVELOPMENT, TOLL ROADS, TOLLS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC DEMAND, TRAFFIC FLOWS, TRAFFIC GROWTH, TRAFFIC LEVELS, TRAFFIC POLICE, TRAFFIC SAFETY, TRAFFIC VOLUME, TRAFFIC VOLUMES, TRAILERS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT COMMUNITY, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRANSPORT INDUSTRY, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT INVESTMENT, TRANSPORT NETWORK, TRANSPORT PLANNING, TRANSPORT POLICY, TRANSPORT PROFESSIONALS, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY, TRANSPORTATION NETWORK, TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS, TRANSPORTATION PROFESSIONALS, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH, TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, TRAVEL DISTANCES, TRAVEL TIMES, TRAVELERS, TRIP, TRIP LENGTH, TRIPS, TRUCK DRIVERS, TRUCKING, TRUCKS, TRUE, TUNNEL, TUNNEL LIGHTING, TUNNEL SAFETY, TUNNELS, URBAN TRANSPORT, VEHICLE, VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS, VEHICLE OPERATING, VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS, VEHICLE PURCHASES, VEHICLE REGISTRATION, VEHICLE USE, VEHICLE USERS, VEHICLE-HOURS, VEHICLES, WHEELS,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/05/14813262/chinas-expressways-connecting-people-markets-equitable-development https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7933
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