Gender Inequality and Growth : The Case of Rich vs. Poor Countries

This paper uses cross-section data for 107 countries to explore the relationship between gender inequality and economic growth. The paper departs from the literature by using a broad measure of gender inequality that goes well beyond gender inequality in education, which has been the focus of most studies. Another novelty of the paper lies in exploring heterogeneity in the growth-gender inequality relationship. The results confirm that greater gender inequality is strongly associated with lower economic growth. However, this negative relationship between gender inequality and growth is entirely due to the relatively poor countries, with the relatively rich countries showing no such relationship. The findings have important implications for the design and targeting of gender-specific policies.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Amin, Mohammad, Kuntchev, Veselin, Schmidt, Martin
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015-01
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE VALUE, ACCESS TO JOBS, ADVERSE EFFECT, ADVERSE IMPACT, ANNUAL GROWTH, ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION, COUNTRY DUMMY, COUNTRY REGRESSIONS, COUNTRY REPORTS, COUNTRY SIZE, CROSS COUNTRY, CROSS COUNTRY REGRESSION, CROSS-SECTION DATA, DEPENDENT VARIABLE, DEVELOPING WORLD, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DEVELOPMENT REPORT, DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT, DISCRIMINATION, DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN, ECONOMIC CRITERIA, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC LITERATURE, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC REVIEW, ECONOMICS LETTERS, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, EMPIRICAL ISSUE, EMPIRICAL RESULTS, EQUALITY IN EDUCATION, ESTIMATED COEFFICIENT, ESTIMATION METHOD, ESTIMATION RESULTS, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, EXPORTS, FEMALE, FEMALE EDUCATION, FEMALES, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GENDER, GENDER DISPARITY, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, GENDER INEQUALITY, GENDER PARITY, GENDER SPECIFIC, GIRLS, GROWTH LITERATURE, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, HIGH CORRELATION, HIGH INCOME COUNTRIES, HOME, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME LEVEL, INCOME LEVELS, INEFFICIENCY, INEQUALITY INDEX, INEQUALITY RELATIONSHIP, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, LABOR MARKET, LAGGED VALUES, LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES, LIBERTY, LINEAR MODEL, LOW INCOME, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, MARGINAL RETURNS, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MEAN VALUE, MEDIAN INCOME, MONETARY ECONOMICS, NEGATIVE CORRELATION, NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP, OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, PER CAPITA GROWTH, PER CAPITA GROWTH RATE, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY POINT OF VIEW, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER, POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT, POOR COUNTRIES, POSITIVE EFFECT, POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC POLICY, REAL GDP, REDUCING GENDER INEQUALITY, REGRESSION RESULTS, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RICH COUNTRIES, SECONDARY ENROLLMENT, SECONDARY ENROLLMENT RATES, SEX, SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL, SIGNIFICANT IMPACT, SOCIAL CAPITAL, STANDARD DEVIATION, STATUS OF WOMEN, TRADE OPENNESS, UNITED NATIONS, VIOLENCE,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/01/23855029/gender-inequality-growth-case-rich-vs-poor-countries https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21389
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