The World Bank's Assistance for Water Resources Management in China

China has an ancient tradition of hydraulic engineering but in the past half century the intensity of exploitation of water resources has accelerated as a result of population and economic growth. The three major issues for Chinese water management are water shortages, flood control and pollution. The World Commission on Dams noted that since 1949 the number of large dams in China had increased from 22 to 22,000, almost half the global total. China has over 80,000 reservoirs and 240,000 km of dikes. Most rivers and streams are now used for irrigation, power generation, transport, urban water supply or waste disposal, some for all of these purposes. The main constraints to integration of Water Resource Management, or WRM arise from the interaction of fairly objective needs for new institutions, incentives and procedures, on the one hand, and bureaucratic interests and political resistance to demand management on the other. China s water problems are not unique, involving a balancing act between economic growth and resource depletion, protection of the environment, health and other non-economic objectives, mediated by strong governments at both central and federal (provincial levels). This paper focuses on the role that the World Bank operations have played in changing WRM policy and strategy during the 1990s.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	Varley, Robert C.G.
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2005-04-27
Subjects:	ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY, ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF, AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION, ALLOCATION OF WATER, ANNUAL RUNOFF, APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY, AQUIFERS, AVAILABLE WATER, BASIN DEVELOPMENT, BASINS, BROAD RANGE, BULK WATER, BULK WATER SUPPLY, CAPACITY BUILDING, CATCHMENTS, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CENTRAL PLANNING, COLLECTION NETWORKS, COLLECTION SYSTEMS, CONDITIONALITY, CONSTRUCTION WORK, CONSUMER SURPLUS, CONVEYING, COST OF WATER, COST RECOVERY, COUNTERPART FUNDING, DAM CONSTRUCTION, DEBT, DEFORESTATION, DEMAND MANAGEMENT, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DIKES, DISCOUNT RATES, DISPOSABLE INCOME, DOWNSTREAM USERS, DRAINAGE, DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, DRIP IRRIGATION, DROUGHT, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPACT, ECONOMIC VALUE, ELASTICITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, EROSION CONTROL, EVALUATION CRITERIA, EXPLOITATION, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FIXED COSTS, FLOOD CONTROL, FLOOD PROTECTION, FLOODING, FLOODS, FORESTRY, FRESHWATER, FRESHWATER RESOURCES, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, GROUNDWATER POLLUTION, GROUNDWATER RESERVES, GROUNDWATER RESOURCES, HOUSEHOLDS, HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING, HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES, HYDROGEOLOGY, INDUSTRIAL AREAS, INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES, INDUSTRIAL GROWTH, INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT, INVESTMENT COST, INVESTMENT PROGRAM, IRON, IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT, IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT, IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY, IRRIGATION WATER, LAKES, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND RECLAMATION, LARGE DAMS, LEAST COST, MANAGEMENT OF WATER, MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER, NATURAL RESOURCES, OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT, OPERATIONAL POLICIES, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, OVERHEAD COSTS, PERCOLATION, PIPELINE, PLANT OPERATIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLLUTERS, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, POLLUTION LEVELS, POWER GENERATION, PROJECT MANAGEMENT, PROVINCIAL AGENCIES, PROVINCIAL WATER, PUMPING, RAINFALL, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS, REGULATORY SYSTEMS, RESERVOIRS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE CONSERVATION, RIVER BASIN, RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT, RIVERS, RURAL WATER, RURAL WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION, SECTORAL POLICY, SEWAGE COLLECTION, SNOWMELT, STORAGE CAPACITY, STREAMS, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, SUSTAINABLE USE, TARIFF REFORM, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, THERMAL POWER, TOWN, TRADEOFFS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TREATMENT PLANTS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN ENVIRONMENT, URBAN WATER, URBAN WATER SUPPLY, UTILITIES, WASTE DISPOSAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT, WATER ALLOCATION, WATER ALLOCATIONS, WATER COMPANIES, WATER CONSERVATION, WATER CONSUMPTION, WATER CONVEYANCE, WATER DEVELOPMENT, WATER DISTRIBUTION, WATER INFRASTRUCTURE, WATER INVESTMENTS, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER MANAGEMENT AGENCIES, WATER POLICIES, WATER POLICY, WATER POLLUTION, WATER PROJECTS, WATER QUALITY, WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS, WATER RESOURCE, WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, WATER RESOURCES, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, WATER SECTOR, WATER SERVICE, WATER SERVICE PROVISION, WATER SERVICES, WATER SHORTAGES, WATER SOURCE, WATER SOURCES, WATER STRATEGY, WATER SUPPLY, WATER TABLE, WATER TARIFF, WATER TRANSFER, WATER USE, WATER USER, WATER USER ASSOCIATION, WATERS, WATERSHED, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, WELLS, WILLINGNESS TO PAY,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/04/20079810/world-banks-assistance-water-resources-management-china https://hdl.handle.net/10986/20207
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