Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey

The measurement of inequality of opportunity has hitherto not been attempted in a number of countries because of data limitations. This paper proposes two alternative approaches to circumventing the missing data problems in countries where a demographic and health survey and an ancillary household expenditure survey are available. One method relies only on the demographic and health survey, and constructs a wealth index as a measure of economic advantage. The alternative method imputes consumption from the ancillary survey into the demographic and health survey. In both cases, the between-type share of overall inequality is computed as a lower bound estimator of inequality of opportunity. Parametric and non-parametric estimates are calculated for both methods, and the parametric approach is shown to yield preferable lower-bound measures. In an application to the sample of ever-married women aged 30-49 in Turkey, inequality of opportunity accounts for at least 26 percent (31 percent) of overall inequality in imputed consumption (the wealth index).

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Ferreira, Francisco H.G., Gignoux, Jeremie, Aran, Meltem
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2010-02
Subjects:	ADULT POPULATION, AGRICULTURAL LAND, ASSETS, AVERAGING, BENCHMARK, BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY, CD, CONSUMPTION, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY, DATA SET, DATA SETS, DECOMPOSITION OF INEQUALITY, DECREASING FUNCTION, DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, DISADVANTAGED GROUPS, DISCRIMINATION, DISTRIBUTION, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS, DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITIES, DISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH, DURABLE GOODS, EARLY MARRIAGE, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INEQUALITY, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, ECONOMIC STUDIES, ECONOMIC THEORY, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES, EMPIRICAL STUDIES, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY, EQUITY, FORMAL EDUCATION, FUNCTIONAL FORM, FUTURE RESEARCH, GINI COEFFICIENT, GROUP MEANS, GROWTH PROCESS, HETEROSKEDASTICITY, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HUMAN CAPITAL, INCENTIVES, INCOME, INCOME DIFFERENTIALS, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME LEVELS, INCOMES, INDIVIDUAL CHOICES, INEQUALITY INDEX, INEQUALITY MEASURE, INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT, INEQUALITY MEASURES, INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES, INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY, INEQUALITY TRAPS, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF INEQUALITY, LINEAR REGRESSION, LINEAR RELATIONSHIP, LIVING CONDITIONS, MARRIED WOMEN, MEAN LOG DEVIATION, MEASURE OF INEQUALITY, MEASURES OF INEQUALITY, MEASURING INEQUALITY, MOTHER, MOTHER TONGUES, NATIONAL LEVEL, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, OPPORTUNITY SET, OPPORTUNITY SETS, OUTCOMES, OVERALL INEQUALITY, OWNERSHIP, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICS, POOR, POPULATION SHARE, POPULATION SUBGROUPS, POVERTY, POVERTY MAPPING, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRODUCT, PROGRESS, PUBLIC AFFAIRS, PUBLIC ECONOMICS, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL DUMMIES, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE, RENT, RESIDUAL TERM, RUNNING WATER, RURAL, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, SANITATION, SCARCE RESOURCES, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SHARES, SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES, SOCIAL JUSTICE, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, TARGETING, TELEVISION, TOTAL INEQUALITY, TRADE, TRANSFERS, TV, UNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, URBAN AREAS, UTILITY, VALUE, VARIABLES, WEALTH, WELFARE, WOMAN, WORKSHOP,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/02/11771676/measuring-inequality-opportunity-imperfect-data-case-turkey http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19918
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