Decentralization in the Democratic Republic of Congo : Opportunities and Risks

The aim of this summary note is to highlight the technical complexity of the decentralization process in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as well as the risks and opportunities inherent in it. It also provides a review of the in-depth work conducted on the fiscal aspects of the decentralization process, which is crucial to obtain an understanding of the real life impact of the "40 percent" rule and the difficulties inherent in its practical application. It also provides an overview of potential solutions to the dilemmas faces by Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC's) policy makers. In this regard, this note will review four key aspects of the decentralization process (fiscal aspects and competency transfers, human resource issues and capacity development, legal supervision issues, public investment management and the equalization fund) as well as a transversal analysis of the impact of these four aspects of the process on the education sector. This note, which is the result of joint work by experts from the World Bank and the European commission, considers technical aspects of the various elements of the decentralization debate.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	World Bank, European Commission
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2008-01
Subjects:	ACCOUNTABILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS, ACCOUNTING, ADDITIONAL PAYMENT, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY, ADMINISTRATIVE FEE, ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE, ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION, ALLOCATION, ARTICLE, AUDIT INSTITUTIONS, BASE WAGE, BASE WAGES, BASIC COSTS, BUDGET ESTIMATES, BUDGET MANAGEMENT, BUDGET PREPARATION, BUDGETING, CALCULATION, CALCULATIONS, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS, CENTRAL AUTHORITIES, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, CIVIL SERVANTS, CIVIL SERVICE, CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM, COLLECTION AGENCIES, CONTRIBUTION, CONTRIBUTIONS, CREDIBILITY, CURRICULA, DECENTRALIZATION, DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS, DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS, DEVOLUTION, DOMESTIC REVENUE, EDUCATION EXPENDITURES, EDUCATION REFORM, EDUCATION SYSTEM, ENTITLEMENTS, EQUALIZATION, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENT, EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS, EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES, EXPENDITURE OBLIGATIONS, EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES, FEE COLLECTION, FINANCES, FINANCIAL CONTROL, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY, FINANCIAL RELATIONS, FISCAL ARRANGEMENTS, FISCAL BURDENS, FISCAL CAPACITY, FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION, FISCAL REVENUE, FISCAL TRANSFERS, FRAUD, GENERAL PUBLIC, GOVERNANCE ISSUES, HEALTH SERVICES, HOUSING, HUMAN RESOURCE, HUMAN RESOURCES, INCOME, INCOME DISPARITIES, INCOME LEVELS, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS, INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LEGAL PROVISIONS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LOCAL ECONOMIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL LEVEL, LUMP SUM, MUNICIPAL SERVICES, NATIONAL BUDGET, NATIONAL EXPENDITURE, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL INVESTMENTS, ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES, OVERHEAD COST, PAYMENT SYSTEM, PAYROLL SYSTEM, PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT, PROGRAMS, PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION, PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURES, PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT, PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS, PROVINCIAL LEVEL, PROVINCIAL OFFICIALS, PROVINCIAL REVENUES, PROVISIONS, PUBLIC, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC FINANCE LAW, PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, PUBLIC MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC OFFICIALS, PUBLIC RESOURCES, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM, PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE, PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE BILL, PUBLIC SERVANTS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC SERVICE REFORM, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUANTITATIVE DATA, REAL COST, REFORM AGENDA, REFORM PROCESS, REFORM STRATEGY, REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RETIREMENT, REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS, REVENUE COLLECTION, REVENUE MANAGEMENT, REVENUE PROJECTIONS, REVENUE SHARING, REVENUE SOURCES, REVENUE TRANSFERS, SALARIES, SALARY, SALARY PAYMENTS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SENIOR, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL SERVICES, SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS, TAX, TAX ADMINISTRATION, TAXPAYERS, TRADE UNIONS, TRANSPARENCY, UNCERTAINTY, URBAN PLANNING, VALUABLE, VOTERS, WAGE, WAGE COSTS, WAGE EXPENDITURE, WAGE EXPENDITURES, WAGE POLICY, WAGES,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/9071584/congo-decentralization-democratic-republic-congo-opportunities-risks https://hdl.handle.net/10986/19527
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