Developing the Public Transport Sector in China

The focus of this discussion paper is on institutional arrangements for the provision of public transport bus services, including the introduction of private capital in bus operations, the value of competitive tendering mechanisms as a determining factor in selecting suppliers, and the role of regulation. The purpose of this paper is to assist Chinese municipalities by describing the experience of other countries that have attempted to implement similar reforms, which may be considered relevant to China. The goal of this paper is to assist interested municipalities, the Ministry of Construction, and other relevant Chinese authorities to: 1) identify models of regulation and competition for the urban bus industry, based on the experience of Chinese and international practices, which are best, suited for the current and projected future of the urban bus industry in China; and 2) provide guidance for municipalities that are considering restructuring their bus industries.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	Gwilliam, Ken
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2010-01
Subjects:	AIR, AIR QUALITY, AIR TRANSPORT, AIRCRAFT, ASSETS, AUTOMOBILE, BANKS, BONDS, BUS, BUS COMPANIES, BUS COMPANY, BUS FRANCHISES, BUS FRANCHISING, BUS INDUSTRY, BUS MARKET, BUS NETWORK, BUS OPERATING COMPANIES, BUS OPERATING COSTS, BUS OPERATIONS, BUS OPERATORS, BUS OWNERS, BUS PASSENGER, BUS PASSENGERS, BUS PRIORITIES, BUS ROUTES, BUS SECTOR, BUS SERVICE, BUS SERVICES, BUS STATION, BUS-OWNERS, BUSES, CAR, CAR OWNERSHIP, CARRIERS, CENTRAL CITIES, COMPREHENSIVE URBAN TRANSPORT, CONGESTION, COSTS PER VEHICLE, COSTS PER VEHICLE KILOMETER, CROSS-SUBSIDY, DEREGULATION, DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT, DRIVERS, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, FARE COLLECTION, FARE CONTROL, FARE INCREASES, FARE LEVELS, FARE REVENUE, FARE SYSTEM, FARES, FEEDER SERVICES, FINANCIAL PENALTIES, FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION, FLAT FARE, FLAT FARE SCHEME, FLAT FARES, FREE TRAVEL, FREIGHT RAIL, FUEL, FUEL QUALITY, GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES, INFLATION, INSPECTION, INTEGRATION OF TRANSPORT MODES, INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT, JOURNEY, LABOR COSTS, LABOR MARKET, LAND TRANSPORT, LARGE CITIES, LEGISLATION, LOAD FACTORS, LOCAL TRANSPORT, LOCAL URBAN SERVICES, LONG-DISTANCE, LONG-DISTANCE PASSENGER, MASS TRANSIT, MASS TRANSIT SYSTEMS, MIGRATION, MINI-BUS, MINI-BUSES, MINIBUS SERVICES, MINIBUSES, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT, MODAL TICKETING, MUNICIPAL, MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT, MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS, MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS, MUNICIPALITIES, OPERATING EXPENSES, OPERATING RIGHTS, PASSENGER REVENUES, PASSENGER TRANSPORT, PASSENGER TRANSPORT AUTHORITY, PASSENGERS, PATRONAGE, PEAK HOURS, PENSIONERS, POLITICAL AUTHORITY, POLLUTION, PRIVATE AUTOMOBILE, PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES, PRIVATE OPERATORS, PRIVATE PARTICIPATION, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PRIVATIZATION, PRODUCTIVITY, PROVISIONS, PUBLIC, PUBLIC AGENCIES, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR OPERATORS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, PUBLIC TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION, PUBLIC TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC TRANSPORT MARKET, PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICY, PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SECTOR, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SECTORS, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY, PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES, PUBLIC UTILITIES, PUBLIC UTILITY ENTERPRISES, RAIL, RAIL FREIGHT, RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE, RAIL SERVICES, RAIL SYSTEMS, RAIL TRANSPORT, RAILWAYS, RAPID TRANSIT, RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS, REVENUE COLLECTION, REVENUE TRANSFERS, RIDER, RIDERSHIP, ROAD, ROAD SPACE, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROADS, ROUTE, SAFETY, SAFETY HAZARDS, SAVINGS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SPEEDS, STATE ENTERPRISES, STATE PROPERTY, STREET FURNITURE, SUBURBAN RAIL, SUBURBAN RAILWAYS, SUBURBS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES, TRANSPORT INDUSTRY, TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT, TRANSPORT MARKET, TRANSPORT PLAN, TRANSPORT POLICY, TRANSPORT POLICY GOALS, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT SERVICE, TRANSPORT SERVICES, TRANSPORT STRATEGY, TRANSPORTATION, TRAVEL TIMES, TRIPS, TROLLEYBUSES, URBAN BUS, URBAN BUS OPERATIONS, URBAN BUS SECTOR, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN PASSENGER, URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT, URBAN PLANNERS, URBAN PLANNING, URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT, URBAN ROAD, URBAN TRANSPORT, URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT, URBAN TRANSPORT PLAN, URBAN TRANSPORT REFORM, URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR, URBAN TRANSPORT SERVICES, URBAN TRANSPORT STRATEGY, URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM, URBANIZATION, VEHICLE, VEHICLES, WATER SUPPLY,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/12769692/developing-public-transport-sector-china https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18424
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