Expanding Access and Enhancing the Economic Benefits of Education in the Maldives : Challenges and Prospects

Human capital is the central determinant of economic well-being and social advancement in the modern global economy. The key characteristic that distinguishes between advanced economies, middle-income economies and low-income economies is the knowledge content of their economic activities and production processes. Industry, agriculture and especially services have become increasingly knowledge and skill intensive in recent years. Further, the dominance of knowledge and skills is increasing at an accelerating rate. Among advanced economies, for instance, the education levels of their populations is the single most important factor determining their economic performance [Hanushek and Welch (2006), Hanushek and Woessmann (2008)]. Among middle-income and low-income countries, too, economies that have high education attainment enjoy considerable welfare gains [Fasih (2008), Patrinos and Psacharopoulos (2011)]. Human resource development is particularly important for the economic development of small states [Martin and Bray (2011)]. Education also produces a variety of social benefits. These include healthier and better nourished families and children; the creation of the enlightened citizenry needed for a modern liberal democracy; and the promotion of social mobility [OECD (2012)]. This paper offers an overview of the general education system and the current status of access and participation in the Maldives. This is followed by a discussion of the economic and social benefits of investment in education. The paper concludes by discussing options to expand access and participation at education levels where the Maldives lags behind other comparable small island economies.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2012-05
Subjects:	ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, ACADEMIC SKILLS, ACADEMIC SUBJECTS, ACTIVE LEARNING, ADULT LIFE, AGE COHORT, APTITUDES, ARRANGEMENT OF CLASSROOMS, BENEFITS OF EDUCATION, BOTH SEXES, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD MORTALITY, CLASS SIZES, COGNITIVE SKILLS, COMMUNITY SCHOOLS, CURRICULUM, DEMOCRACY, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, ECONOMIC PROSPERITY, ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION, EDUCATED MOTHERS, EDUCATED WOMEN, EDUCATION AGENCIES, EDUCATION ATTAINMENT, EDUCATION COURSES, EDUCATION CYCLE, EDUCATION FOR ALL, EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, EDUCATION INVESTMENT, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATION OFFICIALS, EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES, EDUCATION POLICY, EDUCATION SECTOR, EDUCATION STATISTICS, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATION SYSTEMS, ENROLLMENT FOR BOYS, ENROLLMENT RATE, ENROLLMENT RATE FOR GIRLS, EXAM, EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES, FAMILY HEALTH, FAMILY SIZE, FEMALE EDUCATION, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, FORMAL EDUCATION, FORMAL SCHOOL CURRICULUM, FREE EDUCATION, GENDER PARITY, GENERAL EDUCATION, GIRLS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS ENROLLMENT, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO, GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HIGHER EDUCATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT OF EDUCATION, IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATION, IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATION QUALITY, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INSTRUCTION, INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, KINDERGARTEN, LABOR MARKET, LEARNING, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LEARNING SKILLS, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LOW ENROLLMENT RATES, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION, MARITAL STATUS, MARRIED WOMEN, MATERNAL EDUCATION, MATHEMATICS, MEDICAL FACILITIES, MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MOBILITY, MODERNIZATION, MOTHER, MOTHER TONGUE, NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, NATIONALS, NEO-NATAL MORTALITY, NEONATAL MORTALITY, NER, NET ENROLLMENT, NET ENROLLMENT RATE, NORMAL SCHOOL CURRICULUM, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NUMBER OF SCHOOLS, NUMBER OF STUDENTS, NUTRITION, OCCUPATIONS, PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN, PARTICIPATION RATES, PEDAGOGY, POLICY FORMULATION, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY ENROLLMENT, PRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATE, PRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATES, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOLING, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRIVATE EDUCATION, PRIVATE SCHOOLS, PROBLEM SOLVING, PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS, QUALITY ASSURANCE, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ACTIVITIES, REPETITION, RESOURCE CENTRE, RURAL RESIDENCE, SCHOLARSHIPS, SCHOOL CURRICULUM, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, SCHOOL STATISTICS, SCHOOL STUDENTS, SCHOOL SYSTEM, SCHOOL TEACHERS, SCHOOLS, SCIENCE TEACHERS, SECONDARY CERTIFICATE, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SKILLED WORKERS, SMALL COUNTRIES, SMALL SCHOOL, SOCIAL BENEFITS, SOCIAL MOBILITY, SPORTS, STATE SCHOOLS, STUDENT ASSESSMENT, STUDENT ENROLLMENT, STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO, STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS, TEACHER, TEACHER SALARIES, TEACHERS, TECHNICAL EDUCATION, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEMS, UNEDUCATED MOTHERS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, UNIVERSAL ENROLLMENT, UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, VOCATIONAL SKILLS, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, YOUTH,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/05/16261245/expanding-access-enhancing-economic-benefits-education-maldives-challenges-prospects https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17982
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