Yemen : Teachers

Yemen is a low-income country with a young and growing secondary education population; female students exhibit lower enrollment rates, and the teaching force is largely male, especially in leadership positions. In 2008, Yemen spent 5.2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on public education. In the early years of the decade (2001), Yemen was devoting 9.6 percent of GDP for public education provision. In 2008, Yemen spent 16 percent of total government expenditure on education. Yemen's education system consists of basic education from grades 1 to 9 (ages 6-14/15) and secondary education from grades 10 to 12 (ages 14/15-18). Over the past 5 years, noteworthy reforms in basic education have included the abolition of school fees, improvements in annual work planning, contracting of female teachers in remote parts of the country, tying of teacher posts to the school rather than to the individual, reductions in teacher absenteeism, and capacity-building at all levels of education service delivery. The majority of teachers is in the 30-to 39-year-old age bracket and is male, and leadership positions are primarily filled by men. The Ministry of Education (MoE) sets policies, and implementation is carried out by the sub-national (Governorate) and local (District) levels together with as local councils (Municipalities). All teachers can join the two national teacher organizations. Collective bargaining and strike action are legal, but permission must first be sought to render a strike legal. Teachers are offered few financial incentives or other opportunities for public recognition to reward strong performance. Performance-related pay and monetary bonuses for strong performance by individual teachers or by schools are not available.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2010-01
Subjects:	ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, ACCEPTABLE STANDARD, ACCREDITATION, ACCREDITATION SYSTEM, ACHIEVEMENT DATA, APPLIED SCIENCES, BASIC EDUCATION, BASIC EDUCATION TEACHERS, BEGINNING TEACHERS, CAREER, CAREERS, CLASSROOM, CLASSROOM EXPERIENCE, CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT, CLASSROOM TEACHING, COMPUTER SCIENCE, CONTINUOUS LEARNING, CREDIT HOURS, CURRICULA, CURRICULUM, DEGREE IN EDUCATION, DIPLOMAS, DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS, DISCIPLINES, EDUCATION AUTHORITIES, EDUCATION DEGREE, EDUCATION FOR ALL, EDUCATION LEADERS, EDUCATION MINISTRIES, EDUCATION POLICIES, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EDUCATION STRATEGY, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATION SYSTEMS, EDUCATIONAL AUTHORITIES, EFFECTIVE TEACHERS, EFFECTIVE TEACHING, EMPLOYMENT, ENROLLMENT, ENROLLMENT RATES, ENROLMENT RATES, EXPERIENCED TEACHERS, FACULTIES, FEMALE EDUCATION, FEMALE LITERACY, FEMALE STUDENTS, FEMALE TEACHERS, GENDER DISPARITIES, GENDER GAP, GENDER ISSUES, GENDER PARITY, GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS, GIRLS, GRADING, HIGH SCHOOL, HIGHER EDUCATION, HOMEWORK, INCENTIVES FOR TEACHERS, INSTRUCTION, JOB MARKET, LABOR FORCE, LEADERSHIP, LEARNING, LEARNING ASSESSMENTS, LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LESSON PLANNING, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LITERACY, LOWER ENROLLMENT, MATHEMATICS, MENTORS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS, NATIONAL CURRICULUM, NATIONAL EDUCATION, NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL AUTHORITIES, PASS RATE, PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, PEDAGOGY, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PRESERVICE TRAINING, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION TEACHERS, PRIMARY LEVEL, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS, PRIVATE SCHOOL, PRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS, PRIVATE SCHOOLS, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC SCHOOL, PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS, PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS, PUBLIC SCHOOLS, QUALIFIED TEACHERS, QUALITY ASSURANCE, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF TEACHER TRAINING, REGULAR TEACHERS, RURAL AREAS, SALARY INCREASES, SANITATION, SCHOOL CERTIFICATE, SCHOOL DAY, SCHOOL EDUCATION, SCHOOL FEES, SCHOOL HOURS, SCHOOL LEVEL, SCHOOL NETWORK, SCHOOL PRINCIPALS, SCHOOL STUDENTS, SCHOOL TEACHER, SCHOOL TEACHER TRAINEES, SCHOOL TEACHERS, SCHOOL TIME, SCHOOL YEAR, SCHOOL-AGE, SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION, SCHOOL-LEAVERS, SCIENCE STUDY, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY GRADUATES, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHER, SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SERVICE TRAINING, SKILLED TEACHERS, STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT, STUDENT LEARNING, STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES, STUDENT PARTICIPATION, STUDENT PERFORMANCE, STUDENT SCORES, STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS, SUBJECT MATTER, SUBJECT MATTER KNOWLEDGE, SUBJECTS, TEACHER, TEACHER ABSENTEEISM, TEACHER COMPETENCIES, TEACHER EDUCATION, TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS, TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS, TEACHER EVALUATIONS, TEACHER HIRING, TEACHER MANAGEMENT, TEACHER ORGANIZATIONS, TEACHER PAY, TEACHER PERFORMANCE, TEACHER TRAINING, TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTES, TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS, TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS, TEACHERS, TEACHING, TEACHING EXPERIENCE, TEACHING FORCE, TEACHING POSTS, TEACHING PROCESSES, TEACHING QUALITY, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TRAINEES, TRAINING INSTITUTIONS, TRAINING PROGRAMS, TRAINING QUALITY, UNIVERSITY DEGREE, YOUTH,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/18100601/yemen-teachers https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17932
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