Economic Impacts of Sanitation in Cambodia : A Five-Country Study Conducted in Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, and Vietnam Under the Economics of Sanitation Initiative

The sanitation impact study, initiated by the World Bank water and sanitation program, aims to generate sound evidence on the negative impacts of existing sanitation and hygiene conditions and the potential benefits of improvements in sanitation and hygiene in Cambodia. In this study, quantitative assessment is conducted on the economic impacts of poor sanitation and hygiene on health, water resource, tourism and other welfare impacts. In addition to the quantitative evaluation, the study also discusses the effects of poor sanitation on various qualitative dimensions including health-related quality of life, intangible user preferences, life decisions, and the quality of the surrounding environment. The analysis focused on a narrow definition of sanitation, related to human excreta. However, there were instances in which sanitation as it relates to gray water and solid waste were also included. In measuring the impacts, the study uses a peer-reviewed methodology developed specifically for this study, which draws on established methods and, where these do not exist, develops new approaches to capture the impacts of poor sanitation. For improving policy interpretation of the results, the study distinguishes between financial and economic impacts, and presents for rural/urban areas and different geographical groupings at zonal level. Overall, the study finds that poor sanitation leads to economic losses. These economic losses are equivalent to 7.2 percent of the Cambodia's Gross Domestic product (GDP) in 2005. This amount is roughly equivalent to the contribution of the fishery sector, to the GDP, or twice the contribution of the forestry sector.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Jakarta 2008-02
Subjects:	ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, ACCESS TO SAFE WATER SUPPLY, ACCESS TO WATER, ALTERNATIVE SANITATION, ANIMAL EXCRETA, BETTER HYGIENE, CLEAN WATER, CLEANER DRINKING WATER, CLEANLINESS, CLINICS, CONNECTION, COST OF WATER, COVERAGE WITH WATER SUPPLY, COVERING, DECISION MAKING, DIARRHEA, DIARRHEAL DISEASE, DIARRHEAL DISEASES, DISEASE INCIDENCE, DOMESTIC WASTE, DOMESTIC WATER, DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY, DOMESTIC WATER USE, DRAINAGE SYSTEM, DRINKING WATER, DRINKING WATER QUALITY, DRINKING WATER SUPPLY, ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, FLOODING, FOOD HYGIENE, FOOD POISONING, FRESHWATER, GOOD SANITATION, GROUND WATER, GROUNDWATER, HAND WASHING, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH EFFECTS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH RISKS, HEAVY RAINS, HELMINTHES, HOSPITAL WASTE, HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION, HUMAN EXCRETA, HUMAN WASTE, HYGIENE, HYGIENE IMPROVEMENT, HYGIENE ISSUES, HYGIENE PRACTICE, HYGIENE PRACTICES, HYGIENE PROMOTION, INDUSTRIAL WASTE, INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER, INFLUENZA, INTERVENTION, IRRIGATION, ISOLATION, LACK OF DRAINAGE, LATRINE, LATRINE BUILDERS, LATRINE CONSTRUCTION, LATRINE · PIT, LATRINES, LOW WATER, LOW WATER CONSUMPTION, MEASUREMENTS, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, OPEN SEWERS, OUTPATIENT CARE, PATIENT, PATIENTS, PIPE, PIPED WATER, PIPES, PIT LATRINE, PONDS, POOR HEALTH, POOR HYGIENE, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, PUBLIC FACILITIES, PUBLIC TAP, PUBLIC TOILET, PUBLIC WORKS, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUALITY OF WATER, RAIN, RAINWATER, RAINWATER COLLECTION, RAW SEWAGE, RESEARCH PROGRAM, RUNNING WATER, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL SANITATION, RURAL SANITATION COVERAGE, RURAL WATER SUPPLY, SAFE COLLECTION, SAFE DISPOSAL, SAFE WATER, SAFE WATER SUPPLY, SAFETY, SANITARY FACILITIES, SANITATION, SANITATION ACCESS, SANITATION COVERAGE, SANITATION COVERAGE BY REGION, SANITATION COVERAGE DATA, SANITATION FACILITIES, SANITATION FACILITY, SANITATION IMPROVEMENT, SANITATION IMPROVEMENTS, SANITATION INTERVENTIONS, SANITATION MARKET, SANITATION OPTIONS, SANITATION POLICY, SANITATION PRACTICES, SANITATION PROGRAM, SANITATION SECTOR, SANITATION SERVICES, SANITATION SITUATION, SANITATION TYPES, SCHOOL SANITATION, SEEPAGE, SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS, SEPTIC TANK, SEWAGE TREATMENT, SEWER SYSTEM, SEWERAGE, SOAP, SOLID WASTE, SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT, SURFACE WATER, TARGET FOR SANITATION, TOILET, TOILETS, TREATMENT PLANTS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN COVERAGE, URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, USE OF WATER, USERS, VECTOR CONTROL, VENTILATION, WASTE DISPOSAL, WATER BODIES, WATER COLLECTION, WATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS, WATER CONSUMPTION, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER POLLUTION, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESOURCE, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SOURCES, WATER TABLE, WATER TREATMENT, WATERS, WETLANDS, WORKERS,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/16653979/economic-impacts-sanitation-cambodia-summary-five-country-study-conducted-cambodia-indonesia-lao-pdr-philippines-vietnam-under-economics-sanitation-initiative-esi-vol-2-2-executive-summary https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17262
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