Promoting Energy Access Projects under the Clean Development Mechanism : Standardized Baselines and Suppressed Demand

New concepts under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), namely standardized baselines and suppressed demand, should facilitate the implementation of CDM energy access projects, particularly in Least Developed Countries (LDCs), by reducing transaction costs and reflecting the real emission reductions achieved. Governments and authorities in LDCs can play a prominent role in making these new CDM opportunities available. The improvement of the regulatory framework can facilitate the development of innovative carbon-based financing schemes required for successful scaling-up of CDM energy access projects in LDCs. The main purpose of this paper is to outline how the new CDM concepts of standardized baselines and suppressed demand may be used to promote energy access projects under the CDM, in the context of new and expanded role of host country Designated National Authorities (DNAs). In the process, the paper also identifies challenges in the use of these concepts and opportunities for further simplification. By way of illustration, one specific energy access technology, solar home systems, is analyzed in detail. The paper is organized as follows: chapter one is introduction; chapter two provides an overview of the current status of CDM projects in LDCs; chapter three introduces energy access projects in LDCs; chapter four outlines new approaches under the CDM for energy access projects; chapter five goes into the challenges for the application of standardized baselines in LDCs; and chapter six gives recommendations on implementing the new CDM concepts.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Gadde, Harikumar, Platonova-Oquab, Alexandrina, Affouda, Leon Biaou, Godin, Julie, Oppermann, Klaus
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2011-01
Subjects:	ABATEMENT, ABATEMENT POTENTIAL, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ACCESS TO ENERGY, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, APPROACH, AVAILABILITY, BASELINE EMISSION, BASELINE EMISSIONS, BATTERY CHARGING, BIOMASS, BIOMASS PLANTS, BLACK CARBON, CALORIFIC VALUE, CAR BATTERIES, CARBON, CARBON CREDITING, CARBON CREDITS, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, CARBON EMISSION, CARBON EMISSION FACTOR, CARBON EMISSION REDUCTIONS, CARBON FINANCE, CARBON FUND, CARBON INTENSITY, CARBON MARKETS, CARBON PRICE, CARBON REDUCTION, CARBON REVENUES, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE POLICY, CO, COLLECTION COSTS, COMBUSTION, COMPACT FLUORESCENT LIGHT BULBS, CONNECTED HOUSEHOLDS, COOK STOVE, COOK STOVES, COOKING, DIESEL, DIESEL GENERATOR, DIESEL GENERATORS, DNA, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ELECTRICITY USE, EMISSION, EMISSION ESTIMATE, EMISSION FACTOR, EMISSION FACTORS, EMISSION PATH, EMISSION RATES, EMISSION REDUCTION, EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS FACTORS, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, ENERGY ACCESS, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY TECHNOLOGIES, ENERGY GENERATION, ENERGY NEEDS, ENERGY OUTLOOK, ENERGY POVERTY, ENERGY PRICES, ENERGY SAVINGS, ENERGY SECTOR, ENERGY SERVICE, ENERGY SOURCE, FOREST, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOSSIL, FOSSIL FUEL, FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL, FUEL SWITCHING, FUEL WOOD, GENERATING CAPACITY, GENERATION, GHG, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GRID AREAS, GRID ELECTRICITY, GRID ELECTRIFICATION, GRID EMISSION FACTOR, GRID EXTENSION, GRID RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE, HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES, HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD ENERGY, INCOME, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY, IPCC, KEROSENE, KEROSENE LAMPS, KEROSENE PRESSURE, KEROSENE WICK, KEROSENE WICK LAMPS, LIGHTING, LIVING CONDITIONS, MAIN GRID, MICRO HYDRO, PIPELINE, POWER, QUALITY ENERGY, REAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS, REFRIGERATOR, REFRIGERATORS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES, RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL ELECTRICITY, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECTS, RURAL ENERGY, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, SMALL GENERATOR, SOLAR HOME, SOLAR HOME SYSTEM, SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS, SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS CAN, SOLAR LANTERNS, SOLAR WATER HEATING, SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS, SPACE HEATING, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, TRADITIONAL FUELS, TRANSPORT COSTS, UNEP, URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, WASTE, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WORLD ENERGY, WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/01/18666524/promoting-energy-access-projects-under-clean-development-mechanism-standardized-baselines-suppressed-demand https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16967
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