Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development

Despite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not been able to integrate into the world economy. The author argues that from the perspective of the poorest countries, a multi-pronged strategy is required to strengthen the global trading system. Moreover, much of the agenda must be addressed outside the WTO. The most important contribution the WTO can make to development, is to improve market access conditions - for goods and services - and ensure that trade rules are useful to developing countries. Enhancing trade capacity requires concerted action outside the WTO ("aid for trade") as well as unilateral actions by both industrial, and developing countries to reduce anti-trade biases.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Hoekman, Bernard
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2002-01
Subjects:TRADE LIBERALIZATION, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE, REFORM POLICY, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, MARKET ACCESS, TRADE STRUCTURE, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES, AGREEMENT ON TRADE, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS, AGRICULTURE, ANTIDUMPING, APPAREL, BILATERAL INVESTMENT, BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES, BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT, BORDER POLICIES, CAPACITY BUILDING, CARTELS, CHILD LABOR, CIVIL SOCIETY, COMPETITION LAW, COMPETITION LEGISLATION, COMPETITION POLICIES, COMPETITION POLICY, COMPETITIVENESS, CONCESSIONS, CONSUMER PROTECTION, CONSUMERS, CONTINGENT PROTECTION, COUNTRY EXPORTERS, CUSTOMS, CUSTOMS CLEARANCE, CUSTOMS VALUATION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS, DOMESTIC REFORMS, DOMESTIC REGULATION, DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES, DONOR ASSISTANCE, DUTY-FREE ACCESS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC POWER, ECONOMISTS, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, EXPANDING TRADE, EXPLOITATION, EXPORT CARTELS, EXPORT MARKETS, EXPORT REVENUE, EXPORTS, FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FISH, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FOREIGN TRADE, FREE ACCESS, GLOBAL NORMS, GLOBAL TRADE, GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, GLOBAL TRADING, HARMONIZATION, HIGH TARIFFS, IMPORTS, IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS, INCOME, INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, INTEREST GROUPS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, INTERNATIONAL NORMS, INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTMENT INCENTIVES, INVESTMENT TREATIES, ITC, LDCS, LEGAL REGIMES, LEGISLATION, LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE, LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES, MARKET POWER, MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS, MULTILATERAL COOPERATION, MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS, MULTILATERAL RULES, MULTILATERAL TALKS, NATIONAL EFFORTS, NATIONAL PRODUCT, NEGOTIATING AGENDA, NEGOTIATING POSITIONS, NONTARIFF BARRIERS, OIL, OPENNESS, PARTNER COUNTRIES, PATENTS, POLICY CHANGES, POLICY OPTIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR CHILDREN, POOR COUNTRIES, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCT STANDARDS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES, QUOTAS, RECIPROCAL REDUCTION, RECIPROCITY, REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS, REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS, REDUCTION OF BARRIERS, REGIONAL INTEGRATION, REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS, REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS, REGULATORY AREAS, REGULATORY ISSUES, REGULATORY POLICY, REGULATORY REFORM, REGULATORY REGIMES, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE, RESEARCH INSTITUTES, RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS, RISK AVERSE, SAFETY NETS, SAFETY STANDARDS, SERVICE SECTOR, SOCIAL RIGHTS, TARIFF BARRIERS, TARIFF LIBERALIZATION, TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REVENUE, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TIME FRAME, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE CAPACITY, TRADE LOGISTICS, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, TRADE POLICY, TRADE POLICY REVIEW, TRADE REFORM, TRADE REFORMS, TRADE RULES, TRADEOFFS, TRADING PARTNERS, TRADING SYSTEM, TRANSACTIONS COSTS, TRANSITION PERIODS, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRIPS AGREEMENT, UNILATERAL ACTION, UNILATERAL REFORMS, URUGUAY ROUND, VALUATION, VALUE OF TRADE, WELFARE GAINS, WORLD ECONOMY, WORLD TRADE, WTO,
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15749
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id dig-okr-1098615749
record_format koha
institution Banco Mundial
collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
en_US
topic TRADE LIBERALIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
REFORM POLICY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKET ACCESS
TRADE STRUCTURE
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AGREEMENT ON TRADE
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
AGRICULTURE
ANTIDUMPING
APPAREL
BILATERAL INVESTMENT
BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
BORDER POLICIES
CAPACITY BUILDING
CARTELS
CHILD LABOR
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMPETITION LAW
COMPETITION LEGISLATION
COMPETITION POLICIES
COMPETITION POLICY
COMPETITIVENESS
CONCESSIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSUMERS
CONTINGENT PROTECTION
COUNTRY EXPORTERS
CUSTOMS
CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
CUSTOMS VALUATION
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
DOMESTIC REFORMS
DOMESTIC REGULATION
DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
DONOR ASSISTANCE
DUTY-FREE ACCESS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC POWER
ECONOMISTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
EXPANDING TRADE
EXPLOITATION
EXPORT CARTELS
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT REVENUE
EXPORTS
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FISH
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
FOREIGN TRADE
FREE ACCESS
GLOBAL NORMS
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
GLOBAL TRADING
HARMONIZATION
HIGH TARIFFS
IMPORTS
IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
INCOME
INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTEREST GROUPS
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL NORMS
INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
INVESTMENT TREATIES
ITC
LDCS
LEGAL REGIMES
LEGISLATION
LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
MARKET ACCESS
MARKET POWER
MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
MULTILATERAL COOPERATION
MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
MULTILATERAL RULES
MULTILATERAL TALKS
NATIONAL EFFORTS
NATIONAL PRODUCT
NEGOTIATING AGENDA
NEGOTIATING POSITIONS
NONTARIFF BARRIERS
OIL
OPENNESS
PARTNER COUNTRIES
PATENTS
POLICY CHANGES
POLICY OPTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR CHILDREN
POOR COUNTRIES
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRODUCT STANDARDS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
QUOTAS
RECIPROCAL REDUCTION
RECIPROCITY
REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
REDUCTION OF BARRIERS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
REGULATORY AREAS
REGULATORY ISSUES
REGULATORY POLICY
REGULATORY REFORM
REGULATORY REGIMES
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH INSTITUTES
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
RISK AVERSE
SAFETY NETS
SAFETY STANDARDS
SERVICE SECTOR
SOCIAL RIGHTS
TARIFF BARRIERS
TARIFF LIBERALIZATION
TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
TARIFF RATES
TARIFF REVENUE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE CAPACITY
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE LOGISTICS
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE POLICY
TRADE POLICY REVIEW
TRADE REFORM
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE RULES
TRADEOFFS
TRADING PARTNERS
TRADING SYSTEM
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
TRANSITION PERIODS
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRIPS AGREEMENT
UNILATERAL ACTION
UNILATERAL REFORMS
URUGUAY ROUND
VALUATION
VALUE OF TRADE
WELFARE GAINS
WORLD ECONOMY
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
REFORM POLICY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKET ACCESS
TRADE STRUCTURE
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AGREEMENT ON TRADE
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
AGRICULTURE
ANTIDUMPING
APPAREL
BILATERAL INVESTMENT
BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
BORDER POLICIES
CAPACITY BUILDING
CARTELS
CHILD LABOR
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMPETITION LAW
COMPETITION LEGISLATION
COMPETITION POLICIES
COMPETITION POLICY
COMPETITIVENESS
CONCESSIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSUMERS
CONTINGENT PROTECTION
COUNTRY EXPORTERS
CUSTOMS
CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
CUSTOMS VALUATION
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
DOMESTIC REFORMS
DOMESTIC REGULATION
DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
DONOR ASSISTANCE
DUTY-FREE ACCESS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC POWER
ECONOMISTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
EXPANDING TRADE
EXPLOITATION
EXPORT CARTELS
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT REVENUE
EXPORTS
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FISH
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
FOREIGN TRADE
FREE ACCESS
GLOBAL NORMS
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
GLOBAL TRADING
HARMONIZATION
HIGH TARIFFS
IMPORTS
IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
INCOME
INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTEREST GROUPS
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL NORMS
INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
INVESTMENT TREATIES
ITC
LDCS
LEGAL REGIMES
LEGISLATION
LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
MARKET ACCESS
MARKET POWER
MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
MULTILATERAL COOPERATION
MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
MULTILATERAL RULES
MULTILATERAL TALKS
NATIONAL EFFORTS
NATIONAL PRODUCT
NEGOTIATING AGENDA
NEGOTIATING POSITIONS
NONTARIFF BARRIERS
OIL
OPENNESS
PARTNER COUNTRIES
PATENTS
POLICY CHANGES
POLICY OPTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR CHILDREN
POOR COUNTRIES
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRODUCT STANDARDS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
QUOTAS
RECIPROCAL REDUCTION
RECIPROCITY
REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
REDUCTION OF BARRIERS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
REGULATORY AREAS
REGULATORY ISSUES
REGULATORY POLICY
REGULATORY REFORM
REGULATORY REGIMES
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH INSTITUTES
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
RISK AVERSE
SAFETY NETS
SAFETY STANDARDS
SERVICE SECTOR
SOCIAL RIGHTS
TARIFF BARRIERS
TARIFF LIBERALIZATION
TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
TARIFF RATES
TARIFF REVENUE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE CAPACITY
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE LOGISTICS
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE POLICY
TRADE POLICY REVIEW
TRADE REFORM
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE RULES
TRADEOFFS
TRADING PARTNERS
TRADING SYSTEM
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
TRANSITION PERIODS
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRIPS AGREEMENT
UNILATERAL ACTION
UNILATERAL REFORMS
URUGUAY ROUND
VALUATION
VALUE OF TRADE
WELFARE GAINS
WORLD ECONOMY
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
spellingShingle TRADE LIBERALIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
REFORM POLICY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKET ACCESS
TRADE STRUCTURE
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AGREEMENT ON TRADE
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
AGRICULTURE
ANTIDUMPING
APPAREL
BILATERAL INVESTMENT
BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
BORDER POLICIES
CAPACITY BUILDING
CARTELS
CHILD LABOR
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMPETITION LAW
COMPETITION LEGISLATION
COMPETITION POLICIES
COMPETITION POLICY
COMPETITIVENESS
CONCESSIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSUMERS
CONTINGENT PROTECTION
COUNTRY EXPORTERS
CUSTOMS
CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
CUSTOMS VALUATION
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
DOMESTIC REFORMS
DOMESTIC REGULATION
DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
DONOR ASSISTANCE
DUTY-FREE ACCESS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC POWER
ECONOMISTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
EXPANDING TRADE
EXPLOITATION
EXPORT CARTELS
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT REVENUE
EXPORTS
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FISH
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
FOREIGN TRADE
FREE ACCESS
GLOBAL NORMS
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
GLOBAL TRADING
HARMONIZATION
HIGH TARIFFS
IMPORTS
IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
INCOME
INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTEREST GROUPS
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL NORMS
INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
INVESTMENT TREATIES
ITC
LDCS
LEGAL REGIMES
LEGISLATION
LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
MARKET ACCESS
MARKET POWER
MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
MULTILATERAL COOPERATION
MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
MULTILATERAL RULES
MULTILATERAL TALKS
NATIONAL EFFORTS
NATIONAL PRODUCT
NEGOTIATING AGENDA
NEGOTIATING POSITIONS
NONTARIFF BARRIERS
OIL
OPENNESS
PARTNER COUNTRIES
PATENTS
POLICY CHANGES
POLICY OPTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR CHILDREN
POOR COUNTRIES
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRODUCT STANDARDS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
QUOTAS
RECIPROCAL REDUCTION
RECIPROCITY
REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
REDUCTION OF BARRIERS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
REGULATORY AREAS
REGULATORY ISSUES
REGULATORY POLICY
REGULATORY REFORM
REGULATORY REGIMES
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH INSTITUTES
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
RISK AVERSE
SAFETY NETS
SAFETY STANDARDS
SERVICE SECTOR
SOCIAL RIGHTS
TARIFF BARRIERS
TARIFF LIBERALIZATION
TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
TARIFF RATES
TARIFF REVENUE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE CAPACITY
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE LOGISTICS
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE POLICY
TRADE POLICY REVIEW
TRADE REFORM
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE RULES
TRADEOFFS
TRADING PARTNERS
TRADING SYSTEM
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
TRANSITION PERIODS
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRIPS AGREEMENT
UNILATERAL ACTION
UNILATERAL REFORMS
URUGUAY ROUND
VALUATION
VALUE OF TRADE
WELFARE GAINS
WORLD ECONOMY
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
REFORM POLICY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKET ACCESS
TRADE STRUCTURE
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AGREEMENT ON TRADE
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
AGRICULTURE
ANTIDUMPING
APPAREL
BILATERAL INVESTMENT
BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
BORDER POLICIES
CAPACITY BUILDING
CARTELS
CHILD LABOR
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMPETITION LAW
COMPETITION LEGISLATION
COMPETITION POLICIES
COMPETITION POLICY
COMPETITIVENESS
CONCESSIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSUMERS
CONTINGENT PROTECTION
COUNTRY EXPORTERS
CUSTOMS
CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
CUSTOMS VALUATION
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
DOMESTIC REFORMS
DOMESTIC REGULATION
DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
DONOR ASSISTANCE
DUTY-FREE ACCESS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC POWER
ECONOMISTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
EXPANDING TRADE
EXPLOITATION
EXPORT CARTELS
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT REVENUE
EXPORTS
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FISH
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
FOREIGN TRADE
FREE ACCESS
GLOBAL NORMS
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
GLOBAL TRADING
HARMONIZATION
HIGH TARIFFS
IMPORTS
IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
INCOME
INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTEREST GROUPS
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL NORMS
INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
INVESTMENT TREATIES
ITC
LDCS
LEGAL REGIMES
LEGISLATION
LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
MARKET ACCESS
MARKET POWER
MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
MULTILATERAL COOPERATION
MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
MULTILATERAL RULES
MULTILATERAL TALKS
NATIONAL EFFORTS
NATIONAL PRODUCT
NEGOTIATING AGENDA
NEGOTIATING POSITIONS
NONTARIFF BARRIERS
OIL
OPENNESS
PARTNER COUNTRIES
PATENTS
POLICY CHANGES
POLICY OPTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR CHILDREN
POOR COUNTRIES
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRODUCT STANDARDS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
QUOTAS
RECIPROCAL REDUCTION
RECIPROCITY
REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
REDUCTION OF BARRIERS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
REGULATORY AREAS
REGULATORY ISSUES
REGULATORY POLICY
REGULATORY REFORM
REGULATORY REGIMES
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH INSTITUTES
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
RISK AVERSE
SAFETY NETS
SAFETY STANDARDS
SERVICE SECTOR
SOCIAL RIGHTS
TARIFF BARRIERS
TARIFF LIBERALIZATION
TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
TARIFF RATES
TARIFF REVENUE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE CAPACITY
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE LOGISTICS
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE POLICY
TRADE POLICY REVIEW
TRADE REFORM
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE RULES
TRADEOFFS
TRADING PARTNERS
TRADING SYSTEM
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
TRANSITION PERIODS
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRIPS AGREEMENT
UNILATERAL ACTION
UNILATERAL REFORMS
URUGUAY ROUND
VALUATION
VALUE OF TRADE
WELFARE GAINS
WORLD ECONOMY
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
Hoekman, Bernard
Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
description Despite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not been able to integrate into the world economy. The author argues that from the perspective of the poorest countries, a multi-pronged strategy is required to strengthen the global trading system. Moreover, much of the agenda must be addressed outside the WTO. The most important contribution the WTO can make to development, is to improve market access conditions - for goods and services - and ensure that trade rules are useful to developing countries. Enhancing trade capacity requires concerted action outside the WTO ("aid for trade") as well as unilateral actions by both industrial, and developing countries to reduce anti-trade biases.
topic_facet TRADE LIBERALIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
REFORM POLICY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKET ACCESS
TRADE STRUCTURE
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AGREEMENT ON TRADE
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
AGRICULTURE
ANTIDUMPING
APPAREL
BILATERAL INVESTMENT
BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
BORDER POLICIES
CAPACITY BUILDING
CARTELS
CHILD LABOR
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMPETITION LAW
COMPETITION LEGISLATION
COMPETITION POLICIES
COMPETITION POLICY
COMPETITIVENESS
CONCESSIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSUMERS
CONTINGENT PROTECTION
COUNTRY EXPORTERS
CUSTOMS
CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
CUSTOMS VALUATION
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
DOMESTIC REFORMS
DOMESTIC REGULATION
DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
DONOR ASSISTANCE
DUTY-FREE ACCESS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC POWER
ECONOMISTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
EXPANDING TRADE
EXPLOITATION
EXPORT CARTELS
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT REVENUE
EXPORTS
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FISH
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
FOREIGN TRADE
FREE ACCESS
GLOBAL NORMS
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
GLOBAL TRADING
HARMONIZATION
HIGH TARIFFS
IMPORTS
IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
INCOME
INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTEREST GROUPS
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL NORMS
INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
INVESTMENT TREATIES
ITC
LDCS
LEGAL REGIMES
LEGISLATION
LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
MARKET ACCESS
MARKET POWER
MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
MULTILATERAL COOPERATION
MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
MULTILATERAL RULES
MULTILATERAL TALKS
NATIONAL EFFORTS
NATIONAL PRODUCT
NEGOTIATING AGENDA
NEGOTIATING POSITIONS
NONTARIFF BARRIERS
OIL
OPENNESS
PARTNER COUNTRIES
PATENTS
POLICY CHANGES
POLICY OPTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR CHILDREN
POOR COUNTRIES
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRODUCT STANDARDS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
QUOTAS
RECIPROCAL REDUCTION
RECIPROCITY
REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
REDUCTION OF BARRIERS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
REGULATORY AREAS
REGULATORY ISSUES
REGULATORY POLICY
REGULATORY REFORM
REGULATORY REGIMES
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH INSTITUTES
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
RISK AVERSE
SAFETY NETS
SAFETY STANDARDS
SERVICE SECTOR
SOCIAL RIGHTS
TARIFF BARRIERS
TARIFF LIBERALIZATION
TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
TARIFF RATES
TARIFF REVENUE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE CAPACITY
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE LOGISTICS
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE POLICY
TRADE POLICY REVIEW
TRADE REFORM
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE RULES
TRADEOFFS
TRADING PARTNERS
TRADING SYSTEM
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
TRANSITION PERIODS
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRIPS AGREEMENT
UNILATERAL ACTION
UNILATERAL REFORMS
URUGUAY ROUND
VALUATION
VALUE OF TRADE
WELFARE GAINS
WORLD ECONOMY
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
author Hoekman, Bernard
author_facet Hoekman, Bernard
author_sort Hoekman, Bernard
title Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
title_short Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
title_full Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
title_fullStr Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
title_full_unstemmed Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
title_sort strengthening the global trade architecture for development
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2002-01
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15749
work_keys_str_mv AT hoekmanbernard strengtheningtheglobaltradearchitecturefordevelopment
_version_ 1807157552253763584
spelling dig-okr-10986157492024-08-08T17:56:20Z Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development Hoekman, Bernard TRADE LIBERALIZATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE REFORM POLICY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC INTEGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE MARKET ACCESS TRADE STRUCTURE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGREEMENT ON TRADE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS AGRICULTURE ANTIDUMPING APPAREL BILATERAL INVESTMENT BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BORDER POLICIES CAPACITY BUILDING CARTELS CHILD LABOR CIVIL SOCIETY COMPETITION LAW COMPETITION LEGISLATION COMPETITION POLICIES COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS CONCESSIONS CONSUMER PROTECTION CONSUMERS CONTINGENT PROTECTION COUNTRY EXPORTERS CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS VALUATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS DOMESTIC REFORMS DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES DONOR ASSISTANCE DUTY-FREE ACCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMISTS EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES EXPANDING TRADE EXPLOITATION EXPORT CARTELS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT REVENUE EXPORTS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FISH FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN TRADE FREE ACCESS GLOBAL NORMS GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS GLOBAL TRADING HARMONIZATION HIGH TARIFFS IMPORTS IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS INCOME INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTEREST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INTERNATIONAL NORMS INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT INCENTIVES INVESTMENT TREATIES ITC LDCS LEGAL REGIMES LEGISLATION LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES MARKET ACCESS MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS MULTILATERAL COOPERATION MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL RULES MULTILATERAL TALKS NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL PRODUCT NEGOTIATING AGENDA NEGOTIATING POSITIONS NONTARIFF BARRIERS OIL OPENNESS PARTNER COUNTRIES PATENTS POLICY CHANGES POLICY OPTIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR CHILDREN POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCT STANDARDS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES QUOTAS RECIPROCAL REDUCTION RECIPROCITY REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS REGULATORY AREAS REGULATORY ISSUES REGULATORY POLICY REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY REGIMES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RISK AVERSE SAFETY NETS SAFETY STANDARDS SERVICE SECTOR SOCIAL RIGHTS TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF LIBERALIZATION TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS TARIFF RATES TARIFF REVENUE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TIME FRAME TRADE BARRIERS TRADE CAPACITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOGISTICS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REVIEW TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE RULES TRADEOFFS TRADING PARTNERS TRADING SYSTEM TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION PERIODS TRANSPORT COSTS TRIPS AGREEMENT UNILATERAL ACTION UNILATERAL REFORMS URUGUAY ROUND VALUATION VALUE OF TRADE WELFARE GAINS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Despite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not been able to integrate into the world economy. The author argues that from the perspective of the poorest countries, a multi-pronged strategy is required to strengthen the global trading system. Moreover, much of the agenda must be addressed outside the WTO. The most important contribution the WTO can make to development, is to improve market access conditions - for goods and services - and ensure that trade rules are useful to developing countries. Enhancing trade capacity requires concerted action outside the WTO ("aid for trade") as well as unilateral actions by both industrial, and developing countries to reduce anti-trade biases. 2013-09-09T21:48:30Z 2013-09-09T21:48:30Z 2002-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15749 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2757 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC