Brazil : Managing Water Quality - Mainstreaming the Environment in the Water Sector
This study examines how environmental
issues have been addressed in the water sector in Brazil,
within the context of activities of the Federal Government,
generally, and those implemented under Bank sector
operations, in particular. The core focus of the study lies
in the management of water quality, as it affects both the
users of raw water, and those who are primarily concerned
with the disposal of wastewater. The report considers the
following three sectoral areas concomitantly - water
resources management, water supply and sanitation, and, the
environment - thus limiting its review, and focus to those
themes which are key to the over-arching issue of water
quality. Water resources management in the country relied
upon heavy investments in medium, and large scale projects
that provided basic infrastructure for water uses. However,
these have produced questionable impacts in terms of
reducing poverty, and inequality. One of the reasons for
this, has been the poor infrastructure management, which
despite its importance, has been largely underestimated.
While improvements in the utilization of existing
infrastructure in the water sector remain critical, it needs
to be complemented by incentives to both service providers,
and water users. Moreover, low economic, environmental, and
social returns from investments in the water sector, reflect
the tendency to distract attention from the objectives in
the design, and implementation of projects. Thus, an
assessment of water quality goals is required, which should
be based on systematic evaluations of the costs, and
benefits of reaching alternative standards, and explicit
social objectives.
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Bibliographic Details
| Main Authors: |
Margulis, Sergio,
Hughes, Gordon,
Gambrill, Martin,
Azevedo, Luiz Gabriel T. |
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| Language: | English
en_US |
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| Published: |
Washington, DC: World Bank
2002
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| Subjects: | ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY,
BOD,
BROAD RANGE,
BULK WATER,
COASTAL ZONES,
DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER,
DROUGHT,
ECOLOGY,
ECONOMIC GROWTH,
EMPLOYMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS,
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS,
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES,
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS,
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY,
EROSION,
EXPENDITURES,
FARMERS,
FLOOD CONTROL,
FOREST MANAGEMENT,
FRESH WATER,
GAS,
GROUNDWATER,
HIGH LEVELS,
HOUSEHOLDS,
INDUSTRIAL WATER,
LAKES,
LAND USE,
LEGISLATION,
MANAGEMENT OF WATER,
MUNICIPAL EFFLUENT,
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT,
NATIONAL WATER POLICY,
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES,
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT,
NATURAL RESOURCES,
NUTRIENT LOADS,
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE,
POINT SOURCES,
POLICY INSTRUMENTS,
POLLUTION,
POLLUTION CHARGES,
POLLUTION CONTROL,
POTABLE WATER,
POTENTIAL INVESTORS,
PRESENT VALUE,
PROGRAMS,
PROJECT MANAGEMENT,
PROPERTY RIGHTS,
PUBLIC WATER,
QUALITY OF WATER,
QUALITY OF WATER RESOURCES,
QUALITY WATER,
RAINFALL,
RAW WATER,
REGULATORY AGENCIES,
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK,
RESERVOIRS,
RIGHT TO USE WATER,
RIVER BASIN,
RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT,
RIVER BASINS,
RIVER WATER,
RIVERS,
SALINITY,
SANITATION SECTOR,
SANITATION SERVICES,
SANITATION WATER,
SECTORAL POLICIES,
SERVICE PROVIDER,
SERVICE PROVIDERS,
SERVICE PROVISION,
SERVICE QUALITY,
SEWERAGE SERVICE,
SOLID WASTE,
STATE WATER COMPANY,
STORAGE CAPACITY,
SUSTAINABLE USE,
USE OF WATER,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT,
WATER COMPANIES,
WATER CYCLE,
WATER INFRASTRUCTURE,
WATER INTAKES,
WATER LAW,
WATER MANAGEMENT,
WATER MANAGERS,
WATER POLICY,
WATER POLLUTION,
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL,
WATER QUALITY,
WATER QUALITY GOALS,
WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT,
WATER QUANTITY,
WATER RESOURCES,
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT,
WATER RIGHTS,
WATER SCARCITY,
WATER SECTOR,
WATER SHORTAGES,
WATER SUPPLY,
WATER USE,
WATER USERS WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT,
WATER RESOURCE STUDIES,
WATER UTILIZATION,
WASTEWATER COLLECTION,
WASTE DISPOSAL,
SEWERAGE,
WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION,
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
PROJECT CONCEPT,
RATE OF RETURN,
IMPACT OF INVESTMENT,
POVERTY REDUCTION,
INFRASTRUCTURE REGULATION,
MANAGEMENT POLICY REVIEW,
SOCIOECONOMIC BENEFITS,
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT,
PROJECT DESIGN,
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION,
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS,
SERVICE DELIVERY,
QUALITY STANDARDS, |
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/2153178/brazil-managing-water-quality-mainstreaming-environment-water-sector
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15219
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