Armenia : Poverty Assessment, Volume 1. A Summary of Findings

This report reviews poverty in Armenia in 2001, and examines the most recent trends covering the 1998/99 to 2001 period. It looks at the determinants of poverty, and analyzes linkages between economic growth, sector policies and poverty. The findings are based on two rounds of the Armenia Integrated Living Conditions Survey (ILCS), one carried out in 1998/99, and the other in 2001. The report has contributed to the development of Armenia's national strategy for growth and poverty reduction. Poverty is high in Armenia, with an estimated 48 percent of the population below the poverty line in 2001. Despite some 20 percent still living in extreme poverty, there has been nonetheless, a significant decline in poverty, as poverty incidence dropped by 12 percent, and extreme poverty incidence by 25 percent from their respective levels in 1998/99. There is a strong correlation between poverty and low educational attainment, while the unemployed and non-participants in the labor market, face the highest poverty risk, depth and severity of poverty. In rural areas, poverty is positively correlated with the size of landholdings. The drop in poverty reflects a decline in urban poverty since 1998/99. Rural poverty has increased slightly. Yerevan, the capital and largest urban area in Armenia, registered the most significant reduction in poverty, as poverty incidence there dropped by 23 percent and extreme poverty by over a third, to 45 percent and 20 percent, respectively. While poverty in other urban areas also decreased, their poverty incidence still remains above the national rate, at 52 percent. Poverty incidence is now roughly the same in urban and rural areas, 48.5 percent and 47.9 percent, respectively. Government policies aimed at macroeconomic stability and diversification of the economy should be pursued, and, recommendations further include increasing the level and quality of education, and ensuring better health for all, critical to reduce poverty. Concerning social protection, consideration should be given to expanding it to cover most of the extremely poor, as well as refining targeting mechanisms.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2003-11
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ADEQUATE EDUCATION, ADEQUATE HOUSING, ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, AFFORDABILITY, AGE GROUPS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, ANNUAL GROWTH, BASIC EDUCATION, CHARITY, COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE, COMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION, CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE, CONSUMPTION QUINTILES, CREDIT PROGRAMS, CURRICULA, DECLINE IN POVERTY, DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY, DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY, DIVERSIFICATION, DROP IN POVERTY, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, EDUCATION, EDUCATION INITIATIVES, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATION SERVICES, EDUCATION STANDARDS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ENROLLMENT RATE, ENROLLMENT RATES, ENROLMENT RATE, ENROLMENTS, EQUITABLE ACCESS, EXAM, EXTREME POVERTY, FAMILY BENEFITS, FAMILY FARMS, FAMILY POVERTY, FAMILY POVERTY BENEFIT, FARM ACTIVITIES, FARM EMPLOYMENT, FARM INCOME, FARM INCOMES, FARM LABOR, FARM WORK, FARMERS, FARMLAND, FEES FOR PRIVATE TUTORING, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FOOD CONSUMPTION, GDP, GINI COEFFICIENT, GROWTH EFFECT, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, GROWTH PROCESS, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, HEALTH CARE, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLDS WITH CHILDREN, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCOME GROUPS, INCOME INEQUALITY, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INSTRUCTION, INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, IRRIGATION, LABOR MARKET, LAND REFORM, LANDHOLDINGS, LEARNING, LOW ENROLLMENT RATES, MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, MACROECONOMIC POLICIES, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION, MARKET ECONOMIES, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MEDIUM TERM, MICRO-CREDIT, NET ENROLLMENT, NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS, NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS, PARTICIPATION RATES, PER CAPITA INCOME, PER CAPITA INCOME LEVELS, PER CAPITA INCOMES, POOR AREAS, POOR CHILDREN, POOR EDUCATION, POOR FAMILIES, POOR GIRLS, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR POPULATION, POORER FAMILIES, POST-PRIMARY EDUCATION, POVERTY, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY ASSESSMENTS, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER, POVERTY RISK, PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, PRO-POOR, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SPENDING, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, RAPID GROWTH, REDUCING POVERTY, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REFORM POLICIES, RURAL AREAS, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL SETTINGS, SAFETY NET, SAVINGS, SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN, SCHOOLS, SECTOR ACTIVITY, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SQUARED POVERTY GAP, STATE ENTERPRISES, STRUCTURAL REFORMS, SUBSISTENCE, TARGETING, TEACHER MORALE, TEACHER TRAINING, TEACHING, TEACHING MATERIALS, TEXTBOOKS, TRAINING PROGRAMS, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POVERTY, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/11/6670536/armenia-poverty-assessment-vol-1-3-summary-findings https://hdl.handle.net/10986/14544
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