Peruvian Education at a Crossroads : Challenges and Opportunities for the 21st Century

Peru has reached a crossroads for education policy at the beginning of the 21st century. The status quo reflects major accomplishments. One direction for policy would, therefore, involve useful but relatively limited improvements in the current situation. This direction, however, may prove inadequate to fulfill the country's goal of having a highly educated citizenry--fully competitive by international standards--to underpin poverty reduction and to facilitate economic and social development. A second generation of reform would be required if this direction were taken. This study explores these issues and lays out options for a second wave of reform. Either of the broad directions for policy will need to identify specific ways of improving educational quality. This report analyzed the factors affecting fourth graders' mathematics achievement levels in 1996 to identify options to improve quality. The findings are encouraging in indicating potential directions where change could make a difference. The analysis found that after controlling for a number of explanatory variables, the performance of poor and extremely poor departments was better than non-poor departments of education. To level the playing field for all Peruvian children, then, it is necessary to improve equity, quality, and efficiency in planning and policy.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2001-05
Subjects:	ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT, ACHIEVEMENT, ACHIEVEMENTS, ADDITIONAL RESOURCES, AGED, BASIC EDUCATION, BILINGUAL EDUCATION, BINDING, COMPOSITION, COMPULSORY EDUCATION, COUNTRY STUDIES, CURRICULUM, DISADVANTAGED GROUPS, DISTANCE LEARNING, EDUCATION FINANCE, EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATION POLICY, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EDUCATION SECTOR, EDUCATION STATISTICS, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES, EDUCATIONAL POLICY, EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, EDUCATORS, EMPLOYMENT, ENROLLMENT, EXTERNAL SUPPORT, FEMALE ILLITERACY, GIRLS, GROSS ENROLLMENT, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO, HIGH ENROLLMENT, HOUSING, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, ILLITERACY, IN-SERVICE TRAINING COURSES, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LEARNING, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LEARNING PROGRAMS, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LITERATURE, LIVING STANDARDS, MATHEMATICS, MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT, MOTHER TONGUE, NET ENROLLMENT, NET ENROLLMENT RATIO, NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS, NONFORMAL EDUCATION, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, NUTRITION, PARENTS, PEDAGOGY, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, POVERTY REDUCTION, PREPRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRINCIPALS, PRINTING, PRIVATE EDUCATION, PRIVATE RATES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC SCHOOLS, PUBLIC SECTOR, RATES OF RETURN, READING, REGIONAL EDUCATION, REPETITION, RESEARCH CENTERS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL SCHOOLS, RURAL TEACHERS, SCHOLARSHIPS, SCHOOLS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL SERVICES, SPEAKING, STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT, STUDENT ENROLLMENT, TEACHER, TEACHER EDUCATION, TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM, TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS, TEACHER SUPPLY, TEACHER TRAINING, TEACHERS, TEACHING, TEACHING PROFESSION, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TENURE, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TEST SCORES, TEXTBOOKS, TRAINING COURSES, TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES, TRANSLATION, UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION, UNIVERSITIES, UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, URBAN AREAS, WORD PROCESSING, WORKERS,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1346398/peruvian-education-crossroads-challenges-opportunities-21st-century https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13948
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