Export Processing Zones
This note focuses on export processing
zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and,
outlines the general features, and objectives of these
zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy
recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three
main goals of export processing zones: provision of foreign
exchange earnings; job creation, and income generation; and,
attracts foreign direct investments, which enhances
knowledge, and technology transfer. While common features
are generally shared, export zones are differentiated by
public, or private ownership, or management, and, by
dependent qualities of management, facilities, and services
they provide, namely, defined as "high-end" or
"low-end". Recommendations suggest that export
processing zones is one of a number of tools, used to
off-set anti-export bias, in distorted economies. But just
like other export promotion tools, export zones are a
second-best policy choice. Zones can play a dynamic role in
the development of a country, provided they are adequately
managed, and integrated within national reform, and
liberalization programs. However, zones should not be
established in liberal, low-protection economies, due to the
potential of lower than expected foreign direct investments,
as a result of unattractive laws, and regulations, and
because they may distort trade instruments, introducing
discretionary elements in policy framework.
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Bibliographic Details
| Main Author: |
Madani, Dorsati |
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| Format: | Brief
biblioteca
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| Language: | English |
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| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
1998-12
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| Subjects: | AUTONOMY,
BACKWARD LINKAGES,
CAPITAL GOODS,
COMPETITIVENESS,
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS,
DOMESTIC FIRMS,
DOMESTIC MARKET,
DOMESTIC SALES,
ECONOMIC POLICY,
EMPLOYMENT,
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT,
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS,
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,
EXPORT,
EXPORT BIAS,
EXPORT CATALYSTS,
EXPORT EARNINGS,
EXPORT PROCESSING,
EXPORT PROCESSING FIRMS,
EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE,
EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES,
EXPORT PRODUCTION,
EXPORT PROMOTION,
EXPORT PROMOTION TOOLS,
EXPORT STRATEGIES,
EXPORTS,
FISCAL POLICIES,
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT,
FOREIGN EXCHANGE,
FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS,
FREE TRADE,
FREE TRADE CONDITIONS,
FREE TRADE ZONES,
GROSS EXPORTS,
HUMAN CAPITAL,
IMPORTING COUNTRIES,
IMPORTS,
INCOME,
INCOME TAXES,
INDIRECT TAXATION,
INDUSTRIAL BASE,
INDUSTRIAL ESTATE,
INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE,
INDUSTRIAL REFUSE,
INDUSTRIALIZATION,
INSURANCE,
INTERMEDIATE INPUTS,
INTERNATIONAL TRADE,
INVESTMENT APPLICATIONS,
LABOR LAWS,
LOCAL EMPLOYEES,
LOCAL INPUTS,
MANAGERIAL METHODS,
MARKET RATES,
MARKET SIZE,
MARKETING SKILLS,
NATIONAL ECONOMY,
NATIONAL PRACTICES,
NATIONAL REFORM,
NET EXPORTS,
NONTRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT,
NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS,
OPPORTUNITY COST,
POLLUTION,
PREFERENTIAL TRADE,
PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS,
PRESENT VALUE,
PRIVATE PROPERTY,
PRODUCTIVITY,
RULES OF ORIGIN,
TAX CONCESSIONS,
TAXATION,
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER,
TRADE POLICY,
TRADE REFORMS,
WAGES,
WORLD TRADE,
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION FREE EXPORT ZONES,
POLICY FRAMEWORK,
FOREIGN EXCHANGE ALLOCATIONS,
JOB CREATION,
INCOME GENERATION,
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS,
KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS,
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP,
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP,
MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS,
REFORM POLICY,
TRADE LIBERALIZATION,
LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK,
TRADE POLICY REFORM, |
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/1998/12/748719/export-processing-zones
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11519
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