Earnings Growth and Employment Creation : An Assessment of World Bank Support in Three Middle-Income Countries
This assessment reviews earnings and
employment outcomes in Colombia, Tunisia, and Turkey during
1998-2007, as well as five policy areas (the MILES
framework) likely to affect those outcomes: macroeconomic
conditions, investment climate, labor regulations,
education, and social protection. Employment-related
outcomes in the three countries were mixed, with notable
progress in economic growth, earnings and poverty reduction,
but not in the employment to- population ratio or
unemployment rate. This underscores the desirability of
focusing on the full set of employment-related variables
Gross Domestic Product (GDP), poverty, employment,
unemployment, and earnings - in an integrative fashion
rather than just on employment when setting the objectives
of Bank support. This focus will need better
employment-related statistics, an area where the Bank can
help further. Bank objectives in the three countries focused
more on MILES components than on employment itself. Bank
support in the three countries achieved differential
progress in the individual MILES components, with the most
progress on macro stabilization, followed in approximate
order by progress on the investment climate, education,
social protection, and labor taxation and regulations. The
experience of the three countries illustrates how analytic
and advisory activities can be the main instrument of
support in those areas where progress in reform is difficult
and the need for building engagement and consensus is critical.
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Bibliographic Details
| Main Author: |
World Bank |
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| Format: | Brief
biblioteca
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| Language: | English |
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| Published: |
Washington, DC
2009-06
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| Subjects: | AGRICULTURE,
ASSESSING LABOR MARKET,
BANK LENDING,
BANK RESTRUCTURING,
COMPETITIVENESS,
COUNTRY COMPARISONS,
CRISES,
CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT,
DEBT,
DEVELOPMENT POLICY,
DISSEMINATION,
EARNINGS GROWTH,
ECONOMIC GROWTH,
ECONOMIC RECOVERY,
ECONOMIC STABILITY,
EMPLOYMENT,
EMPLOYMENT CREATION,
EMPLOYMENT GROWTH,
EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES,
EMPLOYMENT PERFORMANCE,
EMPLOYMENT POLICIES,
FINANCIAL CRISIS,
FINANCIAL SECTOR,
FINANCIAL STABILITY,
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT,
FORMAL SECTOR WAGES,
GDP,
HEALTH SERVICES,
HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT,
HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE,
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT,
INCOME,
INSURANCE,
JOBS,
JOBS CRISIS,
LABOR MARKET,
LABOR MARKET ISSUES,
LABOR MARKET REFORMS,
LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS,
LABOR MARKETS,
LABOR POLICY,
LABOR PRODUCTIVITY,
LABOR REGULATIONS,
LEGISLATION,
MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS,
MACROECONOMIC POLICIES,
MACROECONOMIC POLICY,
MACROECONOMIC STABILITY,
MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION,
MIGRATION,
MINIMUM WAGE,
MINIMUM WAGES,
NON-WAGE COSTS,
PAYROLL TAXES,
POLICY IMPLICATIONS,
POLITICAL ECONOMY,
PRIORITY SETTING,
PRODUCTIVITY,
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH,
PROGRESS,
QUALITY OF EDUCATION,
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK,
RESPECT,
RIGID WAGES,
RISK MANAGEMENT,
SAFETY,
SAFETY NET,
STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT,
STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT,
TAX ADMINISTRATION,
TAXATION,
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE,
TERTIARY LEVEL,
TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY,
TRADE LIBERALIZATION,
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE,
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE PROGRAMS,
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES,
WAGES,
WORKER, |
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/06/12815130/earnings-growth-employment-creation-assessment-world-bank-support-three-middle-income-countries
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/10538
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