Evaluation of different QuEChERS-based methods for the extraction of 48 wastewater-derived organic contaminants from soil and lettuce root using high-resolution LC-QTOF with MRMHR and SWATH acquisition modes
The reuse of treated wastewater in agriculture is an important route of introducing a large number of organic contaminants into the agroecosystem. In this study, a modified QuEChERS-based approach was developed for rapid, simple, and simultaneous extraction of 48 organic wastewater-derived contaminants from soil and lettuce root. Twenty-two different (modification) scenarios of the known (or original) QuEChERS method have been tested, in order to obtain best and well-compromised recoveries for all target compounds for soil and roots. Finally, a common method was chosen for both matrices consisting of a single extraction step using EDTA-Mcllvaine buffer and the unbuffered Original QuEChERS salts. Method performance was accomplished by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry on a QToF-MS system using two different acquisition modes, the ultra-fast high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRMHR) mode and the innovative Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment-Ion (SWATH) mode. Performance characterization was evaluated in terms of recovery, linearity, intra-day precision, method detection limits (MDLs), method quantification limits (MQLs), and matrix effect (ME). Recoveries in MRMHR mode ranged from 63 to 111% and 54 to 104% for lettuce root and soil, respectively, for most of compounds in MRMHR mode and from 56 to 121% and 54 to 104% for lettuce root and soil, respectively, for most of compounds in SWATH. Whereas, MQLs ranged from 0.03 to 0.92 ng g-1 in MRMHR and from 0.03 to 82 ng g-1 in SWATH for lettuce root, and from 0.02 to 0.44 ng g-1 in MRMHR and 0.02 to 0.14 ng g-1 in SWATH for soil. The method was then applied to follow the target compounds in soil and lettuce root, where the system lettuce-soil was irrigated with treated wastewater under real greenhouse conditions. Five and 17 compounds were detected in lettuce root and soil, respectively.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | artículo biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer
2024-02-19
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| Subjects: | Wastewater reuse, LC-HRMS/MS, Modified QuEChERS, Pharmaceuticals, Root uptake, Soil contamination, Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages, Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, Responsible Consumption and Production, |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/349700 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85185301776 |
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