What do we mean by community-based sustainable wildlife management?
Community-based sustainable wildlife management (CB-SWM) is a collective social process by which resident rights holders agree to hunt or fish in a defined geographic area, in ways that maintain animal populations at stable levels over many decades. Remote rural communities use wildlife for food and income, and as part of their culture. Today, human population growth, increasing interconnectedness with urban areas and regional markets, and reduction of natural habitats, now threaten sustainability of wild meat offtake. Concurrently, weakening of rural governance systems has undermined local communities’ abilities to sustainably manage their natural resources. In the absence of people, wildlife populations fluctuate naturally with changes in food supply, predation pressure and disease prevalence. Hunting offtakes reduce animal populations below carrying capacity, but wildlife can persist whilst being hunted, as long as populations are not reduced below the level at which a random event (such as a disease outbreak or a climatic event) can wipe it out completely. Hunting is only one driver of population declines. If populations are impacted by additional human activities (e.g. agriculture, resource extraction or urbanisation), previously sustainable hunting may become unsustainable.<br /> <br /> Six key components are key to achieve robust CB-SWM. These focus on understanding the environments and the resources they contain, community rights, governance, management, and reducing rural dependency on unsustainable natural resource use. These components are the minimum prerequisites for SWM action: if one is missing, sustainable use is unlikely to be achieved. The six components : “<i>Understanding the environment and its use”</i>; “<i>Devolution of exclusionary rights”;</i> <i>“Local-level management by a competent authority”;</i> <i>“Social cohesion to manage as a community”;</i> “<i>Effective governance systems”; and</i> “<i>Sustainable solutions for growth and increasing aspirations”</i> are described here. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Biodiversity conservation, Adaptive and integrated management, Food systems, Value chain ID: 3487211
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| Format: | Document biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
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FAO ;
2022
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| Online Access: | https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc4463en http://www.fao.org/3/cc4463en/cc4463en.pdf |
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