Control of viral diseases of banana and plantain
Contrary to diseases caused by bacteria or fungi, viral diseases cannot be controlled by chemicals, except for a few animal and human diseases. Furthermore, very few natural resistance sources are available in plants against viruses, making breeding for antiviral resistance very difficult. Therefore, the control of plant viral diseases relies primarily on diagnostics, strict control of germplasm movement, eradication of diseased plants, and use of certified virus-free planting material and, to a lesser extent, control of insect vectors. Diagnostic is the key to disease control. Visual diagnosis of viral diseases of #Musa# spp is useful and should be encouraged. However it is also often problematic, and generally does not allow for early detection. Therefore, immunological and/or molecular diagnostic techniques must be enforced, especially by plant protection services for the control of planting material and germplasm movement, and by vitroplant producers prior to any mass multiplication, since all viruses infecting #Musa# spp are readily and efficiently transmitted vegetatively. When viral diseases arise in plantations, quick eradication of infected plants and neighbouring plants is the most efficient way to avoid disease spread. Eradicated plants must be replaced by certified virus-free planting material only. Roguing infected plants is sometimes efficient, but cannot be recommended because of the risk of maintaining virus sources. Some of the viruses infecting #Musa# spp are relatively easy to control because they do not spread rapidly - this is the case for #Banana streak viruses# (BSV) on #M. acuminata and probably Banana mild mosaic virus# (BanMMV)- or have limited geographical distributions, like #Banana bract mosaic virus# (BBrMV) and #Abacá mosaic virus# (AbaMV). #Cucumber mosaic virus# (CMV), although efficiently transmitted by several aphid species, is also easy to control, since infected plants often recover and removal of weeds, which act as reservoir for the virus, from plantations reduces the risk of spread. On the other hand, #Abacá bunchy top virus# (ABTV) and #Banana bunchy top virus# (BBTV) are more difficult to control. Once these viruses have been diagnosed, it is critical to enforce strict eradication measures very rapidly. BSV is also difficult to control in interspecific cultivars or hybrids, because of the presence of infectious endogenous BSV (eBSV) sequences in the genome of #Musa balbisiana# and the potential of infectious eBSV to generate BSV viral particles through activation processes triggered by activating stresses such as micripropagation and temperature differences.
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| Format: | conference_item biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
OIRSA
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| Subjects: | H20 - Maladies des plantes, Musa (bananes), Musa (plantains), virus des végétaux, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29128, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29127, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5985, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3406, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081, |
| Online Access: | http://agritrop.cirad.fr/555462/ |
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