Multi‑objective forest harvesting under sustainable and economic principles.
Selective logging is well-recognized as an efective practice in sustainable forest management. However, the ecological efciency or resilience of the residual stand is often in doubt. Recovery time depends on operational variables, diversity, and forest structure. Selective logging is excellent but is open to changes. This may be resolved by mathematical programming and this study integrates the economic-ecological aspects in multi-objective function by applying two evolutionary algorithms. The function maximizes remaining stand diversity, merchantable logs, and the inverse of distance between trees for harvesting and log landings points. The Brazilian rainforest database (566 trees) was used to simulate our 216-ha model. The log landing design has a maximum volume limit of 500 m3 . The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm was applied to solve the main optimization problem. In parallel, a sub-problem (p-facility allocation) was solved for landing allocation by a genetic algorithm. Pareto frontier analysis was applied to distinguish the gradients α-economic, β-ecological, and γ-equilibrium. As expected, the solutions have high diameter changes in the residual stand (average removal of approximately 16 m3 ha−1). All solutions showed a grouping of trees selected for harvesting, although there was no formation of large clearings (percentage of canopy removal<7%, with an average of 2.5 ind ha−1). There were no diferences in foristic composition by preferentially selecting species with greater frequency in the initial stand for harvesting. This implies a lower impact on the demographic rates of the remaining stand. The methodology should support projects of reduced impact logging by using spatial-diversity information to guide better practices in tropical forests.
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Artigo de periódico biblioteca |
| Language: | Ingles English |
| Published: |
2024-02-08
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| Subjects: | Selective logging, Manejo florestal sustentável, Bosques primarios, Silvicultura sustentable, Regeneración forestal, Regeneración natural, Análise de Fronteira de Pareto, Pareto frontier analysis, Bujari (AC), Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Western Amazon, Amazonia Occidental, Floresta Nativa, Exploração Florestal, Extração da Madeira, Regeneração Natural, Modelo Matemático, Primary forests, Sustainable forestry, Natural regeneration, Forest regeneration, Mathematical models, |
| Online Access: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1161859 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-023-01614-5 |
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