Biological nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen is arguably the most important nutrient required by plants. However, the availability of nitrogen is limited in many oils and although the earth's atmosphere consists of 78.1% nitrogen gas (N2) plants are unable to use this form of nitrogen. To compensate, modern agriculture has been highly reliant on industrial nitrogen fertilizers to achieve maximum crop productivity. However, a great deal of fossil fuel is required for the production and delivery of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover, carbon dioxide (C02), which is released during fossil fuel combustion, contributes to the greenhouse effect and run off of nitrate leads to eutrophication of the waterways. Biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. It is carried out by prokaryotes using an enzyme complex called nitrogenase. This results in atmospheric N2 being reduced into a form of nitrogen which diazotrophic and other organisms, especially plants, are able to use (ammonia). It is this process and its major players which will be discussed in this book. Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in nitrogen fixation. Chapters across both volumes emphasize molecular techniques and advanced biochemical analysis approaches applicable to various aspects of biological nitrogen fixation. Volume 1 explores the chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases, nif gene regulation, the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism. Volume 2 covers the symbiotic interaction of nitrogen fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, plant and microbial omics, cyanobacteria, diazotrophs and non-legumes, field studies and inoculum preparation, as well as nitrogen fixation and cereals. • Emphasizes molecular techniques, genetics, omics, and advanced biochemical analysis approaches to a variety of aspects of biological nitrogen fixation • Includes chapters on the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism • Covers the symbiotic interaction of nitroqen. fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation • Synthesizes current research efforts to transfer nitrogen fixation to cereal crops • Features chapters on the genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics of nitrogen fixing organisms and host plants. Covering the full breadth of current nitrogen fixation research and expanding it towards future advances in the field, Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a one-stop reference for molecular geneticists of diazotrophs and the symbioses, biochemists of nitrogenase, microbial ecologists and environmental microbiologists, as well as plant and agricultural researchers working on crop sustainability.
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
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Hoboken, New Jersey, United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
c201
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| Subjects: | Fijación del nitrógeno, Nitrogenasa, Ecología microbiana, |
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