Enzyme activity of three mycoparasite isolates and their effect on coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br.)
Coffee leaf rust (CLR) is caused by Hemileia vastatrix and is the most critical phytosanitary problem for coffee production. So far, no biocontrol agents (BCAs) have been registered, and the selection of native agents is required. The present work evaluates the enzymatic activity of chitinase (3.2.1.14), glucanase (3.2.1.6), and protease (3.4.21.92) in three native CLR mycoparasite isolates from Chiapas, Mexico. Isolates were grown for 10 days on inducing substrate and on urediniospores collected in coffee plantations in Chiapas, Mexico. Isolate CERI-530 exhibited higher chitinase (38,178±2950 U/mg) and glucanase (9720±282 U/mg) activity in the presence of CLR, and chitinase and glucanase zymogram analysis revealed a typical 50 kDa band. Isolate CERI-701 showed additional 40, 30 and 20 kDa chitinase bands in the presence of CLR. Protease activity was visualized for all isolates, also in the presence of CLR. It was found that hydrolytic enzymes play an important role in the CLR-mycoparasite interactions for the strains of our study. Strain CERI-542 spores and supernatant significantly decreased CLR urediniospore germination. Observation under scanning electron microscope revealed that CERI-542 was the most aggressive CLR mycoparasite and had the ability to destroy CLR urediniospores, which also suggests that different action mechanisms are at work. The present study is a first step towards a deeper understanding of the interactions between native mycoparasites and CLR, and reports for the first time the formation of a covering over the urediniospores as part of these interactions.
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Subjects: | Roya del cafeto, Hemileia vastatrix, Quitinasa, Enzimas proteolíticas, Glucanasas, Micoparásitos, Simplicillium lanosoniveum, Akanthomyces muscarius, Artfrosur, |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-022-00885-6 |
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