Explanation of bitter taste of venom of ponerine ant, Pachycondyla apicalis
The venom gland of workers of Pachycondyla (= Neoponera) apicalis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) contains the bitter-tasting cyclic dipeptide of leucine and phenylalanine [cyclo-leu-phe or 3-benzyl-6-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5-piperazinedione]. The venom also contains proteins of undetermined activity. It is suggested that the function of the venom may be both defensive and offensive. The mandibular glands of N. apicalis contains delta-decalactone and benzaldehyde.
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Subjects: | Ponerinae, Hormigas, Venenos animales, Ecología química, |
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