Temporary immersion: a technique for mass propagation of heterozygous Coffea spp. genotypes through somatic embryogenesis
In many countries, C. arabica breeding creates and selects hybrids that combine vigour, high yields, crop quality and genes of resistance to the major diseases and pests. Somatic embryogenesis has been considered to evaluate these heterozygous genetic structures on a large scale, and later for mass propagation. Somatic embryogenesis may also replace horticultural cuttings for C. canephora. Finally, this technique would allow fast establishment of clonal seed gardens. The mass propagation technique through somatic embryogenesis developed by CIRAD is based on the use of temporary immersion bioreactors and on direct sowing ex vitro of the embryos. This process was successfully used in various situations: (a) mass propagation of selected hybrid genotypes in Central America and Tanzania, and (b) propagation of the progenitors of the Nemaya variety (rootstock resistant to nematodes in Central America). A large-scale multilocational trial and Nemaya seed gardens have been established in five Central American countries, totalling 50000 plants. About 200000 plants produced with this technique should be established in Tanzania and Central America within two years. This work allowed us to optimize the various phases of the process and to evaluate on a large scale the conformity of the plants obtained.
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
Trieste (Italia) ASIC
2001
|
| Subjects: | COFFEA ARABICA, COFFEA CANEPHORA, BIORREACTORES, CAFE, MICROPROPAGACION, EMBRIONES VEGETALES, EMBRIOGENESIS SOMATICA, CULTIVO DE TEJIDOS, AMERICA CENTRAL, TANZANIA, |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|