Thermal constants for preimaginal development of the parasitoid Cephalonomia stephanoderis Betrem (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)
The relationship between temperature and rate of development is described for Cephalonomia stephanoderis Betrem, an imported ectoparasitoid of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari). For all stages, development rate increased linearly with temperature between 17 and 32°C. However, at 37°C both eggs larvae died. When the parasitoid constructed a cocoon the lower developmental threshold (t) varied from 11.8°C in the eggs to 14.2°C for pupae; when no cocoon was constructed, it varied from 11.8°C for the eggs to 14.3°C for pupae. The lower developmental threshold, from egg to adult, was 13.7°C (with cocoon) and 13.8°C (without cocoon). As these differences were small in relation to the standard errors of the estimates, they were not considered different. Because C. stephanoderis always constructs a cocoon under field conditions, the threshold temperature of 13.7°C seems to be the most suitable. Physiological time expressed in degree-days (DD) for the egg to adult cycle of C. stephanoderis is 252.7¦45.3 DD (Ó = 0.05) when a cocoon is constructed, and 242.5¦35.1 DD (Ó = 0.05) when pupation occurs without construction of a cocoon.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
1992
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| Subjects: | CEPHALONOMIA STEPHANODERIS, PARASITOS, ORGANISMOS PARA CONTROL BIOLOGICO, HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI, INSECTOS DEPREDADORES DE LOS FRUTOS, CICLO VITAL, TEMPERATURA, |
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