Los bosques de Sudamérica; ecología, composición e importancia económica
The forest reserves of the temperate zone in Eurasia and Northern America as well as the tropical forests in South-East Asia and Africa are being reduced so strongly that within some time they will be used up. Therefore the importance of the South-American forests enhances rapidly as these are till now hardly exploited at all, except for the Araucaria-forest in Brasil and Argentina, the forests of the Chaco and few other types. In order to exploit these teasures rationally, what will probably occur in the near future, it is important to plan ahead of time to regenerable the wood on the used areas in the right way. This is only possible on the basis of an exact knowledge of the ecological conditions of the different types of forests. The present work divides the South-American half-continent into 40 different forest regions. The rain forests of the Amazonas and Orinoco basins alone already are divided into 14 different regions. The boundaries of each region are shown and a short description of the climatic and the soil conditions is given. Maps and diagrams of the climate help to make it easier to understand these facts. For every region the vegetation and the forest communities are describe in detail and the various relations between the ecological conditions and the structure of the forests, especially in regard to their floristical composition are shown. This leads to numerous monographic treatments of the South-American forests from the arid forests of the Caribian district to the rain forests of the Amazonas, the mountain forests of the Andes, the woods of the Chaco (being exploited since early times) to the Nothofagus forests of Patagonia and Fireland. An important part in the discussion of each chapter is reserved for the report on the exploitation of the forest up to the present day. The work does not only show the exploitation of timber but also discusses the other kinds of wood utilisation (produce of Tannin acids from the Mangroves and other tree species, extraction of oil from the seeds of certain woody species), the importance of the different forests for grazing and the possibility to transfer woodland into agricultural land. Additionally an index of the most important tree species of each district with a description of the technical values of their timber and with suggestions for a possible future utilisation of the wood are given. As far as there are experiences on cultivating south-American forest trees they also are given in the report. In an annex the South-American regions with few woody plants or even treeless regions are described and the experiments done on the afforestation of these areas are given. More than 250 figures in the text, partly as diagrams and landscape sketches, partly as carefully selected photographs, support the understanding of the publication.
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Language: | spa |
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Estocolmo (Suecia) GTZ
1978
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| Subjects: | AGRICULTURA, CLASIFICACION, ESTRUCTURA DEL BOSQUE, ECOLOGIA FORESTAL, MANGLARES, COMPOSICION BOTANICA, AMAZONIA, AMERICA DEL SUR, |
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