Post - anthesis warm nights reduce grain weight in field-grown wheat and barley
Wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] and barley [Hordeum vulgare L.] crops are exposed to warm nights duringtheir growing seasons and this trend is unlikely to change. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectof higher post-anthesis night temperatures on field-grown crop yield, focusing on final grain weightdetermination. Experiments combined: [i] two well-adapted crops with similar phenology: bread wheatand two-row malting barley, under [ii] two temperature regimes: ambient and high night temperaturesfrom 10 days after anthesis to physiological maturity during [iii] two contrasting growing seasons interms of radiation and temperature: late sowing in 2011 and early sowing in 2013. The night temperatureincrease [ca. 4.1.C] was achieved using purpose-built heating chambers placed on the crop at 7 pm andremoved at 7 am every day during the heating period. Across growing seasons and crops, the averageminimum temperature during that period ranged from 14.3.C to 21.9.C. Thousand grain weight wasreduced by ca. 3 per cent per.C of night temperature increase, similarly for wheat and barley, causing a grain yieldreduction of ca. 4 per cent per.C. An accelerated development under high night temperatures led to a shortereffective grain filling period, reducing the final grain weight. The lack of consistent impact on sourceavailability between crops and seasons, measured as senescence and stem water soluble carbohydrates,as well as a similar impact in magnitude and direction on individual grain weight for different grainpositions along wheat or barley spikes, suggest that the negative effects of warm nights on grain weightwere directly related to processes within the grain itself.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Subjects: | TEMPERATE CEREALS, CLIMATE CHANGE, MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, GRAIN FILLING DURATION, , |
| Online Access: | http://ceiba.agro.uba.ar/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=47304 http://ceiba.agro.uba.ar/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber= |
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