Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings
Introduction. Low-fertility soils and high logistics costs for seedling production characterize the Peruvian Amazon. Objective. To evaluate the effect of a combination of sandy soil and oil palm compost on substrate, growth, and nutrition of cocoa seedlings under greenhouse conditions. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted for 90 days in Yurimaguas, Loreto, using a completely randomized design in a 5 • 5 matrix, with five doses of oil palm compost and sandy soil to determine the best combination for cocoa growth and nutrition. Height (cm), diameter (mm), leaf area (cm2), dry weight of stem and root were measured; soil chemical analysis and plant analysis (macro and micronutrients) were also conducted. Results. Sandy soil showed no significant effect on cocoa seedlings, while treatments with oil palm compost promoted shoot and root biomass. Additionally, this compost favored conditions for seedling growth by promoting higher organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, potassium, and higher cation exchange capacity. Regarding cocoa nutrition, it promoted greater absorption of macro and micronutrients in seedlings. Conclusions. These results indicate that the best treatment was the one composed entirely of oil palm compost, as it promotes growth and nutrition by improving substrate conditions.
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2024
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Tuesta, Oscar A. Tuesta, Juan C. Rafael-Rutte, Robert Arévalo-Gardini, Enrique Vela L., Juan M. Arévalo-Hernández, Cesar O. |
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Tuesta, Oscar A. Tuesta, Juan C. Rafael-Rutte, Robert Arévalo-Gardini, Enrique Vela L., Juan M. Arévalo-Hernández, Cesar O. Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
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Tuesta, Oscar A. Tuesta, Juan C. Rafael-Rutte, Robert Arévalo-Gardini, Enrique Vela L., Juan M. Arévalo-Hernández, Cesar O. |
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Tuesta, Oscar A. |
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Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
| title_short |
Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
| title_full |
Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
| title_fullStr |
Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings |
| title_sort |
effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (theobroma cacao l.) seedlings |
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Introduction. Low-fertility soils and high logistics costs for seedling production characterize the Peruvian Amazon. Objective. To evaluate the effect of a combination of sandy soil and oil palm compost on substrate, growth, and nutrition of cocoa seedlings under greenhouse conditions. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted for 90 days in Yurimaguas, Loreto, using a completely randomized design in a 5 • 5 matrix, with five doses of oil palm compost and sandy soil to determine the best combination for cocoa growth and nutrition. Height (cm), diameter (mm), leaf area (cm2), dry weight of stem and root were measured; soil chemical analysis and plant analysis (macro and micronutrients) were also conducted. Results. Sandy soil showed no significant effect on cocoa seedlings, while treatments with oil palm compost promoted shoot and root biomass. Additionally, this compost favored conditions for seedling growth by promoting higher organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, potassium, and higher cation exchange capacity. Regarding cocoa nutrition, it promoted greater absorption of macro and micronutrients in seedlings. Conclusions. These results indicate that the best treatment was the one composed entirely of oil palm compost, as it promotes growth and nutrition by improving substrate conditions. |
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Universidad de Costa Rica |
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2024 |
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https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921 |
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oai:portal.ucr.ac.cr:article579212025-01-10T15:51:09Z Effect of oil palm compost and sandy soil on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings Efecto del compost de palma de aceite y suelo arenoso sobre el crecimiento de plántulas de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Tuesta, Oscar A. Tuesta, Juan C. Rafael-Rutte, Robert Arévalo-Gardini, Enrique Vela L., Juan M. Arévalo-Hernández, Cesar O. crops foliar nutrition waste management substrate sustrato cultivos nutrición foliar manejo de desechos Introduction. Low-fertility soils and high logistics costs for seedling production characterize the Peruvian Amazon. Objective. To evaluate the effect of a combination of sandy soil and oil palm compost on substrate, growth, and nutrition of cocoa seedlings under greenhouse conditions. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted for 90 days in Yurimaguas, Loreto, using a completely randomized design in a 5 • 5 matrix, with five doses of oil palm compost and sandy soil to determine the best combination for cocoa growth and nutrition. Height (cm), diameter (mm), leaf area (cm2), dry weight of stem and root were measured; soil chemical analysis and plant analysis (macro and micronutrients) were also conducted. Results. Sandy soil showed no significant effect on cocoa seedlings, while treatments with oil palm compost promoted shoot and root biomass. Additionally, this compost favored conditions for seedling growth by promoting higher organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, potassium, and higher cation exchange capacity. Regarding cocoa nutrition, it promoted greater absorption of macro and micronutrients in seedlings. Conclusions. These results indicate that the best treatment was the one composed entirely of oil palm compost, as it promotes growth and nutrition by improving substrate conditions. Introducción. Suelos de baja fertilidad y altos costos de logística para la producción de plántulas caracterizan a la Amazonía peruana. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la combinación de suelo arenoso y compost de palma aceitera sobre el sustrato, el crecimiento y la nutrición de plántulas de cacao en condiciones de invernadero. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se realizó durante 90 días en Yurimaguas, Loreto, bajo un diseño completamente al azar en una matriz de 5 × 5, con cinco dosis de compost de palma aceitera y suelo arenoso, a fin de obtener la mejor combinación para el crecimiento y la nutrición del cacao. Se midió la altura (cm), el diámetro (mm), el área foliar (cm2), el peso seco del vástago y la raíz; también se realizó análisis químico del suelo y análisis de plantas (macro y micronutrientes). Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que el suelo arenoso no tuvo un efecto significativo en las plántulas de cacao, mientras que los tratamientos con compost de palma aceitera promovieron la biomasa de brotes y raíces. Además, esta composta favoreció las condiciones para el crecimiento de las plántulas al promover mayor materia orgánica, fósforo disponible, calcio intercambiable, potasio y mayor capacidad de intercambio catiónico. En el caso de la nutrición del cacao, promovió una mayor absorción de macro y micronutrientes en las plántulas. Conclusiones. Estos resultados indicaron que el mejor tratamiento fue el compuesto exclusivamente por compost de palma aceitera, ya que promueve el crecimiento y la nutrición mediante la mejora de las condiciones del sustrato. Universidad de Costa Rica 2024-06-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Article Text Texto text/xml application/pdf application/epub+zip text/html audio/mpeg audio/mpeg https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921 10.15517/am.2024.57921 Agronomía Mesoamericana; Agronomia Mesoamericana: Vol. 35 ; 57921 Agronomía Mesoamericana; Agronomía Mesoamericana: Vol. 35 ; 57921 Agronomía Mesoamericana; Agronomia Mesoamericana: Vol. 35 ; 57921 2215-3608 1021-7444 eng spa https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/62910 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/60218 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/62312 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/62913 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/62314 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/57921/62315 Copyright (c) 2024 Oscar A. Tuesta, Juan C. Tuesta, Robert Rafael-Rutte, Enrique Arévalo-Gardini, Juan M. Vela L., Cesar O. Arévalo-Hernández https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |