European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives
Aim of study: We aim at (i) developing a reference definition of mixed forests in order to harmonize comparative research in mixed forests and (ii) briefly review the research perspectives in mixed forests. Area of study: The definition is developed in Europe but can be tested worldwide. Material and methods: Review of existent definitions of mixed forests based and literature review encompassing dynamics, management and economic valuation of mixed forests. Main results: A mixed forest is defined as a forest unit, excluding linear formations, where at least two tree species coexist at any developmental stage, sharing common resources (light, water, and/or soil nutrients). The presence of each of the component species is normally quantified as a proportion of the number of stems or of basal area, although volume, biomass or canopy cover as well as proportions by occupied stand area may be used for specific objectives. A variety of structures and patterns of mixtures can occur, and the interactions between the component species and their relative proportions may change over time. The research perspectives identified are (i) species interactions and responses to hazards, (ii) the concept of maximum density in mixed forests, (iii) conversion of monocultures to mixed-species forest and (iv) economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mixed forests. Research highlights: The definition is considered a high-level one which encompasses previous attempts to define mixed forests. Current fields of research indicate that gradient studies, experimental design approaches, and model simulations are key topics providing new research opportunities.
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Format: | Article/Letter to editor biblioteca |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | biodiversity, biomass allocation, climate-change, fagus-sylvatica l., norway spruce, picea-abies, productivity, pure stands, species stands, stand-density index, |
Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/european-mixed-forests-definition-and-research-perspectives |
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dig-wur-nl-wurpubs-4810692024-08-14 Bravo-Oviedo, A. Pretzsch, H. Ammer, C. Andenmatten, E. Barbati, A. Barreiro, S. Brang, P. Bravo, F. Coll, L. Corona, P. den Ouden, J. Article/Letter to editor Forest Systems 23 (2014) 3 ISSN: 2171-5068 European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives 2014 Aim of study: We aim at (i) developing a reference definition of mixed forests in order to harmonize comparative research in mixed forests and (ii) briefly review the research perspectives in mixed forests. Area of study: The definition is developed in Europe but can be tested worldwide. Material and methods: Review of existent definitions of mixed forests based and literature review encompassing dynamics, management and economic valuation of mixed forests. Main results: A mixed forest is defined as a forest unit, excluding linear formations, where at least two tree species coexist at any developmental stage, sharing common resources (light, water, and/or soil nutrients). The presence of each of the component species is normally quantified as a proportion of the number of stems or of basal area, although volume, biomass or canopy cover as well as proportions by occupied stand area may be used for specific objectives. A variety of structures and patterns of mixtures can occur, and the interactions between the component species and their relative proportions may change over time. The research perspectives identified are (i) species interactions and responses to hazards, (ii) the concept of maximum density in mixed forests, (iii) conversion of monocultures to mixed-species forest and (iv) economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mixed forests. Research highlights: The definition is considered a high-level one which encompasses previous attempts to define mixed forests. Current fields of research indicate that gradient studies, experimental design approaches, and model simulations are key topics providing new research opportunities. en application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/european-mixed-forests-definition-and-research-perspectives 10.5424/fs/2014233-06256 https://edepot.wur.nl/327890 biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index Wageningen University & Research |
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biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index |
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biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index Bravo-Oviedo, A. Pretzsch, H. Ammer, C. Andenmatten, E. Barbati, A. Barreiro, S. Brang, P. Bravo, F. Coll, L. Corona, P. den Ouden, J. European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
description |
Aim of study: We aim at (i) developing a reference definition of mixed forests in order to harmonize comparative research in mixed forests and (ii) briefly review the research perspectives in mixed forests. Area of study: The definition is developed in Europe but can be tested worldwide. Material and methods: Review of existent definitions of mixed forests based and literature review encompassing dynamics, management and economic valuation of mixed forests. Main results: A mixed forest is defined as a forest unit, excluding linear formations, where at least two tree species coexist at any developmental stage, sharing common resources (light, water, and/or soil nutrients). The presence of each of the component species is normally quantified as a proportion of the number of stems or of basal area, although volume, biomass or canopy cover as well as proportions by occupied stand area may be used for specific objectives. A variety of structures and patterns of mixtures can occur, and the interactions between the component species and their relative proportions may change over time. The research perspectives identified are (i) species interactions and responses to hazards, (ii) the concept of maximum density in mixed forests, (iii) conversion of monocultures to mixed-species forest and (iv) economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mixed forests. Research highlights: The definition is considered a high-level one which encompasses previous attempts to define mixed forests. Current fields of research indicate that gradient studies, experimental design approaches, and model simulations are key topics providing new research opportunities. |
format |
Article/Letter to editor |
topic_facet |
biodiversity biomass allocation climate-change fagus-sylvatica l. norway spruce picea-abies productivity pure stands species stands stand-density index |
author |
Bravo-Oviedo, A. Pretzsch, H. Ammer, C. Andenmatten, E. Barbati, A. Barreiro, S. Brang, P. Bravo, F. Coll, L. Corona, P. den Ouden, J. |
author_facet |
Bravo-Oviedo, A. Pretzsch, H. Ammer, C. Andenmatten, E. Barbati, A. Barreiro, S. Brang, P. Bravo, F. Coll, L. Corona, P. den Ouden, J. |
author_sort |
Bravo-Oviedo, A. |
title |
European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
title_short |
European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
title_full |
European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
title_fullStr |
European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed |
European Mixed Forests: Definition and research perspectives |
title_sort |
european mixed forests: definition and research perspectives |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/european-mixed-forests-definition-and-research-perspectives |
work_keys_str_mv |
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