Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater
The aim of this study was to assess electrical stunning of Atlantic cod and turbot in seawater to develop a protocol for the process of stunning and killing. An induced general epileptiform insult (unconscious) had a duration of 40 ± 27 s (n =14) in cod (2.6 ± 0.5 kg) and 34 ± 18 s (n = 19) in turbot (520 ± 65 g). Seven cod and 3 turbot displayed a physical reaction, and 11 turbot registered an electroencephalogram (EEG) response to pain stimuli administered 30 s post-stun. The heart rate was 32 ± 6 beats/min in cod and 25 ± 7 beats/min in turbot prior to stunning. Post-stunning, the electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed fibrillation and reduced activity post-stun. EEG, ECG recordings, and behavioral observations indicate that when a bipolar square wave current was applied with a frequency of 133 Hz and 43% duty cycle side to side (turbot) and at 170 Hz and 33% duty cycle (cod) head to tail, both species were stunned in seawater at current densities of 3.2 A/dm2 and 2.5 A/dm2, respectively. For turbot, a 5 s exposure to electricity followed by chilling in ice water for 15 min is sufficient to prevent recovery. For cod, a killing method needs to be established.
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Language: | English |
Subjects: | behavior, catfish clarias-gariepinus, consciousness, fresh-water, l., quality, salmon, slaughter, |
Online Access: | https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/evaluation-of-electrical-stunning-of-atlantic-cod-gadus-morhua-an |
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dig-wur-nl-wurpubs-4418262024-08-16 Lambooij, E. Digre, H. Erikson, U. Reimert, H.G.M. Burggraaf, D. van de Vis, J.W. Article/Letter to editor Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 22 (2013) 4 ISSN: 1049-8850 Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater 2013 The aim of this study was to assess electrical stunning of Atlantic cod and turbot in seawater to develop a protocol for the process of stunning and killing. An induced general epileptiform insult (unconscious) had a duration of 40 ± 27 s (n =14) in cod (2.6 ± 0.5 kg) and 34 ± 18 s (n = 19) in turbot (520 ± 65 g). Seven cod and 3 turbot displayed a physical reaction, and 11 turbot registered an electroencephalogram (EEG) response to pain stimuli administered 30 s post-stun. The heart rate was 32 ± 6 beats/min in cod and 25 ± 7 beats/min in turbot prior to stunning. Post-stunning, the electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed fibrillation and reduced activity post-stun. EEG, ECG recordings, and behavioral observations indicate that when a bipolar square wave current was applied with a frequency of 133 Hz and 43% duty cycle side to side (turbot) and at 170 Hz and 33% duty cycle (cod) head to tail, both species were stunned in seawater at current densities of 3.2 A/dm2 and 2.5 A/dm2, respectively. For turbot, a 5 s exposure to electricity followed by chilling in ice water for 15 min is sufficient to prevent recovery. For cod, a killing method needs to be established. en application/pdf https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/evaluation-of-electrical-stunning-of-atlantic-cod-gadus-morhua-an 10.1080/10498850.2011.654047 https://edepot.wur.nl/271917 behavior catfish clarias-gariepinus consciousness fresh-water l. quality salmon slaughter Wageningen University & Research |
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behavior catfish clarias-gariepinus consciousness fresh-water l. quality salmon slaughter behavior catfish clarias-gariepinus consciousness fresh-water l. quality salmon slaughter Lambooij, E. Digre, H. Erikson, U. Reimert, H.G.M. Burggraaf, D. van de Vis, J.W. Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
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The aim of this study was to assess electrical stunning of Atlantic cod and turbot in seawater to develop a protocol for the process of stunning and killing. An induced general epileptiform insult (unconscious) had a duration of 40 ± 27 s (n =14) in cod (2.6 ± 0.5 kg) and 34 ± 18 s (n = 19) in turbot (520 ± 65 g). Seven cod and 3 turbot displayed a physical reaction, and 11 turbot registered an electroencephalogram (EEG) response to pain stimuli administered 30 s post-stun. The heart rate was 32 ± 6 beats/min in cod and 25 ± 7 beats/min in turbot prior to stunning. Post-stunning, the electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed fibrillation and reduced activity post-stun. EEG, ECG recordings, and behavioral observations indicate that when a bipolar square wave current was applied with a frequency of 133 Hz and 43% duty cycle side to side (turbot) and at 170 Hz and 33% duty cycle (cod) head to tail, both species were stunned in seawater at current densities of 3.2 A/dm2 and 2.5 A/dm2, respectively. For turbot, a 5 s exposure to electricity followed by chilling in ice water for 15 min is sufficient to prevent recovery. For cod, a killing method needs to be established. |
format |
Article/Letter to editor |
topic_facet |
behavior catfish clarias-gariepinus consciousness fresh-water l. quality salmon slaughter |
author |
Lambooij, E. Digre, H. Erikson, U. Reimert, H.G.M. Burggraaf, D. van de Vis, J.W. |
author_facet |
Lambooij, E. Digre, H. Erikson, U. Reimert, H.G.M. Burggraaf, D. van de Vis, J.W. |
author_sort |
Lambooij, E. |
title |
Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
title_short |
Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
title_full |
Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater |
title_sort |
evaluation of electrical stunning of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) and turbot (psetta maxima) in seawater |
url |
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/evaluation-of-electrical-stunning-of-atlantic-cod-gadus-morhua-an |
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