Education, Earnings, and Inequality in Brazil, 1982-98 : Implications for Education Policy
The educational attainment of
Brazil's labor force, has gradually increased over the
past two decades. At the same time, the government has
pursued a series of economic structural adjustment policies.
The authors investigate how these simultaneous advances have
altered the relationship between labor market earnings, and
education. They find that the returns to education in the
labor market, fundamentally changed between 1982, and 1998.
While the returns to tertiary education increased sharply,
the returns to primary education dropped by 26 percent, and
those to lower secondary, by 35 percent. Moreover, the
authors argue, the marginal reduction in wage inequality
that occurred in this period was linked primarily to a
reduction in the returns to schooling, and only secondarily,
to a more equitable distribution of schooling. The findings
suggest that the supply of highly skilled labor is
inadequate to meet demand. That suggests a need for policy
action aimed at increasing access to, and completion of
tertiary education. Increasing the supply of highly skilled
labor, would improve prospects for both economic growth, and
reduce wage inequality.
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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: |
Blom, Andreas,
Holm-Nielsen, Lauritz,
Verner, Dorte |
Language: | English en_US |
Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2001-10
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Subjects: | COMPOSITION,
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES,
DRAWING,
ECONOMIC GROWTH,
ECONOMIC REFORMS,
EDUCATION LEVEL,
EDUCATION LEVELS,
EDUCATION POLICY,
EDUCATION SECTOR,
EDUCATION SYSTEM,
EMPLOYMENT,
ENROLLMENT,
EQUAL DISTRIBUTION,
EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION,
FUTURE EDUCATION,
GENDER GAP,
HOUSEHOLD INCOME,
IMPROVING ACCESS,
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS,
INTERVENTION,
LABOR FORCE,
LABOR MARKET,
LEVEL OF EDUCATION,
LEVELS OF EDUCATION,
LITERATURE,
PAPERS,
PER CAPITA INCOME,
PRIMARY EDUCATION,
REPETITION,
REPETITION RATES,
SCHOOLING,
SCHOOLS,
SECONDARY EDUCATION,
TERTIARY EDUCATION,
UNIVERSITIES,
WORKERS EDUCATION SECTOR,
EARNINGS CAPACITY,
EDUCATIONAL EQUALIZATION,
EDUCATIONAL POLICY,
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION,
ECONOMIC POLICY,
STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT,
LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS,
HIGHER EDUCATION,
WAGE DIFFERENTIATION,
MARGINAL VALUE THEOREM,
RETURNS TO SCHOOLING,
EQUITY IN EDUCATION,
SKILLED WORKERS,
POLICY FORMATION,
ACCESS TO EDUCATION,
WORKERS, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/10/1614879/education-earnings-inequality-brazil-1982-98-implications-education-policy
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/19505
|
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