Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW
The report aims to meet two broad objectives: (a) enhance knowledge about the current state of existing social safety nets (SSNs) and assess their effectiveness in responding to new and emerging challenges to the poor and vulnerable in the region by bringing together new evidence, data, and country-specific analysis; and (b) open up and inform a debate on feasible policy options to make SSNs in the Middle East and North Africa more effective and innovative. First chapter, 'a framework for SSN reform,' describes and illustrates the reasons for the region's growing need for SSN reform and establishes the framework for renewed SSNs. It identifies key goals for SSNs (promoting social inclusion, livelihood, and resilience) and illustrates how these goals have been achieved in some parts of the region and elsewhere. Second chapter, 'key challenges that call for renewed SSNs,' analyzes the challenges facing the region's poor and vulnerable households, which SSNs could focus on as a priority. Two large groups are at higher-than-average poverty risk: children and those who live in rural or lagging areas. The chapter examines factors such as inequality of opportunities and lack of access to services that can perpetuate the lower human development outcomes among the poor in these groups. It also describes the challenge of vulnerability. Finally, it identifies particular social groups that are at a higher risk of exclusion from access to services and employment. Third chapter, 'the current state of SSNs in the Middle East and North Africa,' analyzes SSN spending and assesses different aspects of the SSN systems' performance. Fourth chapter, 'the political economy of SSN reforms in the Middle East and North Africa: what do citizens want?' presents new evidence on citizens' preferences concerning redistribution and SSN design, using newly collected data. It also discusses how political economy considerations could be taken into account in designing renewed SSNs in the region. Fifth chapter, 'the way forward: how to make safety nets in the Middle East and North Africa more effective and innovative,' proposes an agenda for reform and the path for moving forward, using global experience and the evidence presented in the preceding chapters.
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ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT |
spellingShingle |
ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT Morgandi, Matteo Silva, Joana Levin, Victoria Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
description |
The report aims to meet two broad
objectives: (a) enhance knowledge about the current state of
existing social safety nets (SSNs) and assess their
effectiveness in responding to new and emerging challenges
to the poor and vulnerable in the region by bringing
together new evidence, data, and country-specific analysis;
and (b) open up and inform a debate on feasible policy
options to make SSNs in the Middle East and North Africa
more effective and innovative. First chapter, 'a
framework for SSN reform,' describes and illustrates
the reasons for the region's growing need for SSN
reform and establishes the framework for renewed SSNs. It
identifies key goals for SSNs (promoting social inclusion,
livelihood, and resilience) and illustrates how these goals
have been achieved in some parts of the region and
elsewhere. Second chapter, 'key challenges that call
for renewed SSNs,' analyzes the challenges facing the
region's poor and vulnerable households, which SSNs
could focus on as a priority. Two large groups are at
higher-than-average poverty risk: children and those who
live in rural or lagging areas. The chapter examines factors
such as inequality of opportunities and lack of access to
services that can perpetuate the lower human development
outcomes among the poor in these groups. It also describes
the challenge of vulnerability. Finally, it identifies
particular social groups that are at a higher risk of
exclusion from access to services and employment. Third
chapter, 'the current state of SSNs in the Middle East
and North Africa,' analyzes SSN spending and assesses
different aspects of the SSN systems' performance.
Fourth chapter, 'the political economy of SSN reforms
in the Middle East and North Africa: what do citizens
want?' presents new evidence on citizens'
preferences concerning redistribution and SSN design, using
newly collected data. It also discusses how political
economy considerations could be taken into account in
designing renewed SSNs in the region. Fifth chapter,
'the way forward: how to make safety nets in the Middle
East and North Africa more effective and innovative,'
proposes an agenda for reform and the path for moving
forward, using global experience and the evidence presented
in the preceding chapters. |
topic_facet |
ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT |
author |
Morgandi, Matteo Silva, Joana Levin, Victoria |
author_facet |
Morgandi, Matteo Silva, Joana Levin, Victoria |
author_sort |
Morgandi, Matteo |
title |
Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
title_short |
Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
title_full |
Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
title_fullStr |
Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW |
title_sort |
inclusion and resilience : the way forward for social safety nets in the middle east and north africa, overview |
publisher |
Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2012-09 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16965002/inclusion-resilience-way-forward-social-safety-nets-middle-east-north-africa-overview https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12261 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT morgandimatteo inclusionandresiliencethewayforwardforsocialsafetynetsinthemiddleeastandnorthafricaoverview AT silvajoana inclusionandresiliencethewayforwardforsocialsafetynetsinthemiddleeastandnorthafricaoverview AT levinvictoria inclusionandresiliencethewayforwardforsocialsafetynetsinthemiddleeastandnorthafricaoverview AT morgandimatteo inclusionetresistanceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunord AT silvajoana inclusionetresistanceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunord AT levinvictoria inclusionetresistanceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunord AT morgandimatteo inclusionetresistenceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunordvuedensemble AT silvajoana inclusionetresistenceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunordvuedensemble AT levinvictoria inclusionetresistenceauxchocsperspectivespourlassistancesocialeaumoyenorientetenafriquedunordvuedensemble |
_version_ |
1807158386320474112 |
spelling |
dig-okr-10986122612024-08-08T14:50:51Z Inclusion and Resilience : The Way Forward for Social Safety Nets in the Middle East and North Africa, OVERVIEW Inclusion et résistance aux chocs : Perspectives pour l’assistance sociale au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord Inclusion et resistence aux chocs : perspectives pour l'assistance sociale au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord - vue d'ensemble Inclusion et résistance aux chocs : perspectives pour l'assistance sociale au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord Morgandi, Matteo Silva, Joana Levin, Victoria ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO FOOD ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS BANK BRANCHES BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY BENEFIT LEVELS BREAD SUBSIDY CASH BENEFITS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM CASH TRANSFERS CHILD HEALTH CHILD POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY ASSETS CONDITIONAL CASH CONSUMER GOODS COPING MECHANISMS COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY CROWDING OUT DECENTRALIZATION DECLINE IN POVERTY DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES DROUGHT ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENERGY SUBSIDIES FEE WAIVERS FEMALE PARTICIPATION FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD RATION FOOD SUBSIDIES HEALTH BENEFITS HEALTH CARDS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SAFETY NETS INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INVENTORY LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MEANS TEST MEANS TESTING MICRO-CREDIT NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDY FAMILIES NUTRITION PROGRAM PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR ADULTS POOR CHILDREN POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PERSON POORER FAMILIES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY RISK PREVENTIVE CARE PRICE SUBSIDIES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PURCHASING POWER REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REGIONAL AVERAGES REGIONAL WORKSHOPS RESPONSE TO CRISES RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY RATES RURAL RESIDENTS SAFETY NET SYSTEMS SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SEWAGE SHOCK SKILLS TRAINING SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SSN SUBSIDIZATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TRANSFERS TARGETING TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY SUPPORT TRANSFER PROGRAM TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VOUCHERS VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE CITIZENS VULNERABLE FAMILIES VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE MEMBERS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WORKFARE WORKS AGENCY ZAKAT The report aims to meet two broad objectives: (a) enhance knowledge about the current state of existing social safety nets (SSNs) and assess their effectiveness in responding to new and emerging challenges to the poor and vulnerable in the region by bringing together new evidence, data, and country-specific analysis; and (b) open up and inform a debate on feasible policy options to make SSNs in the Middle East and North Africa more effective and innovative. First chapter, 'a framework for SSN reform,' describes and illustrates the reasons for the region's growing need for SSN reform and establishes the framework for renewed SSNs. It identifies key goals for SSNs (promoting social inclusion, livelihood, and resilience) and illustrates how these goals have been achieved in some parts of the region and elsewhere. Second chapter, 'key challenges that call for renewed SSNs,' analyzes the challenges facing the region's poor and vulnerable households, which SSNs could focus on as a priority. Two large groups are at higher-than-average poverty risk: children and those who live in rural or lagging areas. The chapter examines factors such as inequality of opportunities and lack of access to services that can perpetuate the lower human development outcomes among the poor in these groups. It also describes the challenge of vulnerability. Finally, it identifies particular social groups that are at a higher risk of exclusion from access to services and employment. Third chapter, 'the current state of SSNs in the Middle East and North Africa,' analyzes SSN spending and assesses different aspects of the SSN systems' performance. Fourth chapter, 'the political economy of SSN reforms in the Middle East and North Africa: what do citizens want?' presents new evidence on citizens' preferences concerning redistribution and SSN design, using newly collected data. It also discusses how political economy considerations could be taken into account in designing renewed SSNs in the region. Fifth chapter, 'the way forward: how to make safety nets in the Middle East and North Africa more effective and innovative,' proposes an agenda for reform and the path for moving forward, using global experience and the evidence presented in the preceding chapters. Les pays du Moyen-Orient et d’Afrique du Nord ont actuellement une occasion unique d’améliorer leurs programmes d’assistance sociale (PAS) afin de mieux promouvoir l’inclusion, les moyens de subsistance et la résistance aux chocs. Les transitions constituent des moments déterminants pour les systèmes de protection sociale et le printemps arabe a souligné la nécessité d’une inclusion sociale et d’un nouveau contrat social. Les considérations d’économie politique ont été l’une des raisons majeures du blocage ou des retards de la réforme des PAS dans certains pays du Moyen Orient et d’Afrique du Nord ; de nouveaux éléments portent à croire qu’une meilleure information, une meilleure conception et une plus grande transparence des PAS peuvent permettre à la région de progresser. Lorsque la capacité des PAS à répondre aux aspirations des populations pour une plus grande inclusion sociale et un meilleur accès aux opportunités économiques est examinée de près, les questions suivantes se posent: quel devrait être le niveau optimal de redistribution, et à quelles conditions ? ; quels sont les objectifs de base et les priorités des PAS? ; quelle devrait être l’envergure et la portée des systèmes de protection sociale ? ; comment peut-on réformer les systèmes existants pour atteindre ces objectifs ? A la lumière des défis auxquels les personnes pauvres et vulnérables font face dans la région, et de l’état actuel des PAS, le chemin vers des PAS plus efficaces et novateurs appelle des actions dans plusieurs domaines. Bien qu’il n’y ait pas une solution unique, de meilleurs résultats peuvent être obtenus en agissant sur les quatre points suivants : améliorer l’impact des PAS au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord ; mettre en place une infrastructure de PAS fiable, mais flexible, pouvant servir en période normale comme en période de crise ; consolider les PAS fragmentés ; rééquilibrer le financement et les priorités des systèmes d’assistance sociale. 2013-02-06T22:08:18Z 2013-02-06T22:08:18Z 2012-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16965002/inclusion-resilience-way-forward-social-safety-nets-middle-east-north-africa-overview https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12261 English en_US MENA developement report; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain application/pdf application/pdf text/plain Washington, DC |