The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) occur in natural and agricultural soils and contribute to the control of soil dwelling insect pests. Ecosystems differ in their soil parameters (pH, moisture, texture, etc.) and microhabitat conditions (presence of roots, plant cover, belowground fauna, etc.), which can affect the EPN soil food web assemblage in an unpredictable manner. By comparing soils that represent different ecological scenarios, we can link the natural distribution of the EPN to abiotic and biotic factors that shape the assemblages of soil food web to unravel the factors that determine EPN abundance and activity. We hypothesized that the EPN soil food web assemblages are affected by agricultural management practices and that this should be reflected when compared to natural ecosystems, such as forests and grasslands. By combining traditional and state-of-the-art molecular tools, we targeted 25 soil organisms to explore EPN food web in 40 Swiss georeferenced sites that can be categorized as “agricultural area”, “forest”, and “grassland”. EPNs abundance, richness and diversity did not vary among the different ecosystems. However, EPN activity (capability to kill insects) was higher in grasslands. Similarly, the free-living nematodes (FLNs) that compete with EPN for the cadavers were much more abundant in grassland, while reduced in the forest soils, suggesting contrasting conditions between these two natural areas. Nematophagous fungi (NF) were more diverse and present in agricultural areas, suggesting that the abiotic conditions in the agricultural areas may favor NF presence. Six soil properties and environmental factors shaped the EPN soil food web in Swiss soils (pH, elevation, clay content, soil water content, temperature, and rainfall), which explained 54% of the community variation in multivariate analysis. These observations were consistent with the key abiotic variables described for subtropical and Mediterranean regions. Identifying the links between the abiotic and biotic factors in very distinct areas can be the basis for predicting EPN soil food web assemblages. Such information can be of value for developing strategies to favour EPN resilience in a changing environment and enhance their capacity as biocontrol agents.
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Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2018-07-15
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Subjects: | Agricultural areas, Entomopathogenic nematodes, Forest, Grassland, Real time qPCR, Soil food web, Wheat-field, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/192410 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 |
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dig-icvv-es-10261-1924102020-05-19T11:12:44Z The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems Jaffuel, Geoffrey Blanco-Pérez, Rubén Hug, A.S. Chiriboga, X. Meuli, R.G. Mascher, F. Turlings, Ted C. J. Campos-Herrera, R. Swiss National Science Foundation Université de Neuchâtel Commission Fédérale des Bourses pour Etudiants Etrangères (Suisse) Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) Campos-Herrera, R. [0000-0003-0852-5269] Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) occur in natural and agricultural soils and contribute to the control of soil dwelling insect pests. Ecosystems differ in their soil parameters (pH, moisture, texture, etc.) and microhabitat conditions (presence of roots, plant cover, belowground fauna, etc.), which can affect the EPN soil food web assemblage in an unpredictable manner. By comparing soils that represent different ecological scenarios, we can link the natural distribution of the EPN to abiotic and biotic factors that shape the assemblages of soil food web to unravel the factors that determine EPN abundance and activity. We hypothesized that the EPN soil food web assemblages are affected by agricultural management practices and that this should be reflected when compared to natural ecosystems, such as forests and grasslands. By combining traditional and state-of-the-art molecular tools, we targeted 25 soil organisms to explore EPN food web in 40 Swiss georeferenced sites that can be categorized as “agricultural area”, “forest”, and “grassland”. EPNs abundance, richness and diversity did not vary among the different ecosystems. However, EPN activity (capability to kill insects) was higher in grasslands. Similarly, the free-living nematodes (FLNs) that compete with EPN for the cadavers were much more abundant in grassland, while reduced in the forest soils, suggesting contrasting conditions between these two natural areas. Nematophagous fungi (NF) were more diverse and present in agricultural areas, suggesting that the abiotic conditions in the agricultural areas may favor NF presence. Six soil properties and environmental factors shaped the EPN soil food web in Swiss soils (pH, elevation, clay content, soil water content, temperature, and rainfall), which explained 54% of the community variation in multivariate analysis. These observations were consistent with the key abiotic variables described for subtropical and Mediterranean regions. Identifying the links between the abiotic and biotic factors in very distinct areas can be the basis for predicting EPN soil food web assemblages. Such information can be of value for developing strategies to favour EPN resilience in a changing environment and enhance their capacity as biocontrol agents. This work was supported by an economic stimulus grant (51NF40-144621) and by the National Research Program 68 (NRP68) grant (406840_143065) from the Swiss National Science Foundation. GJ was supported by an assistantship from the University of Neuchâtel and XC was supported by a PhD fellowship from the Commission Fédérale des Bourses pour Etudiants Etrangères CFBE (Confédération Suisse). RCH was supported by The Government of Portugal (Investigator Program award, IF/00552/2014). Peer reviewed 2019-10-10T07:56:56Z 2019-10-10T07:56:56Z 2018-07-15 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 262: 48-57 (2018) 0167-8809 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/192410 10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.008 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 en http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.008 Sí none Elsevier |
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Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field |
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Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field Jaffuel, Geoffrey Blanco-Pérez, Rubén Hug, A.S. Chiriboga, X. Meuli, R.G. Mascher, F. Turlings, Ted C. J. Campos-Herrera, R. The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
description |
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) occur in natural and agricultural soils and contribute to the control of soil dwelling insect pests. Ecosystems differ in their soil parameters (pH, moisture, texture, etc.) and microhabitat conditions (presence of roots, plant cover, belowground fauna, etc.), which can affect the EPN soil food web assemblage in an unpredictable manner. By comparing soils that represent different ecological scenarios, we can link the natural distribution of the EPN to abiotic and biotic factors that shape the assemblages of soil food web to unravel the factors that determine EPN abundance and activity. We hypothesized that the EPN soil food web assemblages are affected by agricultural management practices and that this should be reflected when compared to natural ecosystems, such as forests and grasslands. By combining traditional and state-of-the-art molecular tools, we targeted 25 soil organisms to explore EPN food web in 40 Swiss georeferenced sites that can be categorized as “agricultural area”, “forest”, and “grassland”. EPNs abundance, richness and diversity did not vary among the different ecosystems. However, EPN activity (capability to kill insects) was higher in grasslands. Similarly, the free-living nematodes (FLNs) that compete with EPN for the cadavers were much more abundant in grassland, while reduced in the forest soils, suggesting contrasting conditions between these two natural areas. Nematophagous fungi (NF) were more diverse and present in agricultural areas, suggesting that the abiotic conditions in the agricultural areas may favor NF presence. Six soil properties and environmental factors shaped the EPN soil food web in Swiss soils (pH, elevation, clay content, soil water content, temperature, and rainfall), which explained 54% of the community variation in multivariate analysis. These observations were consistent with the key abiotic variables described for subtropical and Mediterranean regions. Identifying the links between the abiotic and biotic factors in very distinct areas can be the basis for predicting EPN soil food web assemblages. Such information can be of value for developing strategies to favour EPN resilience in a changing environment and enhance their capacity as biocontrol agents. |
author2 |
Swiss National Science Foundation |
author_facet |
Swiss National Science Foundation Jaffuel, Geoffrey Blanco-Pérez, Rubén Hug, A.S. Chiriboga, X. Meuli, R.G. Mascher, F. Turlings, Ted C. J. Campos-Herrera, R. |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Agricultural areas Entomopathogenic nematodes Forest Grassland Real time qPCR Soil food web Wheat-field |
author |
Jaffuel, Geoffrey Blanco-Pérez, Rubén Hug, A.S. Chiriboga, X. Meuli, R.G. Mascher, F. Turlings, Ted C. J. Campos-Herrera, R. |
author_sort |
Jaffuel, Geoffrey |
title |
The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
title_short |
The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
title_full |
The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
The evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across Switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
title_sort |
evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode soil food web assemblages across switzerland reveals major differences among agricultural, grassland and forest ecosystems |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2018-07-15 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/192410 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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