Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14
A severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, ‘Digalu’. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection. Based on the analyses of 106 single-pustule isolates derived from these samples, four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were identified: TKTTF, TTKSK, RRTTF, and JRCQC. Race TKTTF was found to be the primary cause of the epidemic in the southeastern zones of Bale and Arsi. Isolates of race TKTTF were first identified in samples collected in early October 2013 from West Arsi. It was the sole or predominant race in 31 samples collected from Bale and Arsi zones after the stem rust epidemic was established. Race TTKSK was recovered from 15 samples from Bale and Arsi zones at low frequencies. Genotyping indicated that isolates of race TKTTF belongs to a genetic lineage that is different from the Ug99 race group and is composed of two distinct genetic types. Results from evaluation of selected germplasm indicated that some cultivars and breeding lines resistant to the Ug99 race group are susceptible to race TKTTF. Appearance of race TKTTF and the ensuing epidemic underlines the continuing threats and challenges posed by stem rust not only in East Africa but also to wider-scale wheat production.
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2015
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, WHEAT, RUSTS, DISEASE RECOGNITION, PHENOTYPES, GENOTYPES, PUCCINIA GRAMINIS, DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, DISPERSIONS, |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-45162024-03-13T15:40:30Z Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 Olivera Firpo, P.D. Newcomb, M. Szabo, L.J. Rouse, M.N. Johnson, J. Gale, S. Luster, D.G. Hodson, D.P. Cox, J.A. Burgin, L. Hort, M.C. Gilligan, C.A. Patpour, M. Justesen, A.F. Hovmoller, M.S. Woldeab, G. Hailu, E. Hundie, B. Tadesse, K. Pumphrey, M. Singh, R.P. Yue Jin AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS A severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, ‘Digalu’. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection. Based on the analyses of 106 single-pustule isolates derived from these samples, four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were identified: TKTTF, TTKSK, RRTTF, and JRCQC. Race TKTTF was found to be the primary cause of the epidemic in the southeastern zones of Bale and Arsi. Isolates of race TKTTF were first identified in samples collected in early October 2013 from West Arsi. It was the sole or predominant race in 31 samples collected from Bale and Arsi zones after the stem rust epidemic was established. Race TTKSK was recovered from 15 samples from Bale and Arsi zones at low frequencies. Genotyping indicated that isolates of race TKTTF belongs to a genetic lineage that is different from the Ug99 race group and is composed of two distinct genetic types. Results from evaluation of selected germplasm indicated that some cultivars and breeding lines resistant to the Ug99 race group are susceptible to race TKTTF. Appearance of race TKTTF and the ensuing epidemic underlines the continuing threats and challenges posed by stem rust not only in East Africa but also to wider-scale wheat production. 917-928 2015-10-22T20:06:20Z 2015-10-22T20:06:20Z 2015 Article http://hdl.handle.net/10883/4516 10.1094/PHYTO-11-14-0302-FI English CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose. Open Access PDF ETHIOPIA EAST AFRICA Ethiopia USA American Phytopathological Society (APS) 7 105 Phytopathology |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS Olivera Firpo, P.D. Newcomb, M. Szabo, L.J. Rouse, M.N. Johnson, J. Gale, S. Luster, D.G. Hodson, D.P. Cox, J.A. Burgin, L. Hort, M.C. Gilligan, C.A. Patpour, M. Justesen, A.F. Hovmoller, M.S. Woldeab, G. Hailu, E. Hundie, B. Tadesse, K. Pumphrey, M. Singh, R.P. Yue Jin Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
description |
A severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, ‘Digalu’. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection. Based on the analyses of 106 single-pustule isolates derived from these samples, four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were identified: TKTTF, TTKSK, RRTTF, and JRCQC. Race TKTTF was found to be the primary cause of the epidemic in the southeastern zones of Bale and Arsi. Isolates of race TKTTF were first identified in samples collected in early October 2013 from West Arsi. It was the sole or predominant race in 31 samples collected from Bale and Arsi zones after the stem rust epidemic was established. Race TTKSK was recovered from 15 samples from Bale and Arsi zones at low frequencies. Genotyping indicated that isolates of race TKTTF belongs to a genetic lineage that is different from the Ug99 race group and is composed of two distinct genetic types. Results from evaluation of selected germplasm indicated that some cultivars and breeding lines resistant to the Ug99 race group are susceptible to race TKTTF. Appearance of race TKTTF and the ensuing epidemic underlines the continuing threats and challenges posed by stem rust not only in East Africa but also to wider-scale wheat production. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY WHEAT RUSTS DISEASE RECOGNITION PHENOTYPES GENOTYPES PUCCINIA GRAMINIS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISPERSIONS |
author |
Olivera Firpo, P.D. Newcomb, M. Szabo, L.J. Rouse, M.N. Johnson, J. Gale, S. Luster, D.G. Hodson, D.P. Cox, J.A. Burgin, L. Hort, M.C. Gilligan, C.A. Patpour, M. Justesen, A.F. Hovmoller, M.S. Woldeab, G. Hailu, E. Hundie, B. Tadesse, K. Pumphrey, M. Singh, R.P. Yue Jin |
author_facet |
Olivera Firpo, P.D. Newcomb, M. Szabo, L.J. Rouse, M.N. Johnson, J. Gale, S. Luster, D.G. Hodson, D.P. Cox, J.A. Burgin, L. Hort, M.C. Gilligan, C.A. Patpour, M. Justesen, A.F. Hovmoller, M.S. Woldeab, G. Hailu, E. Hundie, B. Tadesse, K. Pumphrey, M. Singh, R.P. Yue Jin |
author_sort |
Olivera Firpo, P.D. |
title |
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
title_short |
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
title_full |
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
title_fullStr |
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14 |
title_sort |
phenotypic and genotypic characterization of race tkttf of puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a wheat stem rust epidemic in southern ethiopia in 2013–14 |
publisher |
American Phytopathological Society (APS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10883/4516 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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